मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-19, verse-22
अद्यप्रभृति यः शस्त्रं मामृतेऽन्यो ग्रहीष्यति ।
हन्तव्यः स मया दस्युः परिहंसारतोऽपि वा ॥२२॥
हन्तव्यः स मया दस्युः परिहंसारतोऽपि वा ॥२२॥
22. adyaprabhṛti yaḥ śastraṃ māmṛte'nyo grahīṣyati .
hantavyaḥ sa mayā dasyuḥ parihaṃsārato'pi vā.
hantavyaḥ sa mayā dasyuḥ parihaṃsārato'pi vā.
22.
adyaprabhṛti yaḥ śastram mām ṛte anyaḥ grahīṣyati
hantavyaḥ saḥ mayā dasyuḥ parihaṃsarataḥ api vā
hantavyaḥ saḥ mayā dasyuḥ parihaṃsarataḥ api vā
22.
From today onwards, whoever else takes up a weapon apart from me — that bandit (dasyu), or even one who delights in mockery (parihaṃsarataḥ), must be killed by me.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अद्यप्रभृति (adyaprabhṛti) - from today onwards, henceforth
- यः (yaḥ) - whoever, who
- शस्त्रम् (śastram) - weapon, instrument
- माम् (mām) - Refers to King Arjuna. (me)
- ऋते (ṛte) - except, without, apart from
- अन्यः (anyaḥ) - Anyone else (besides me). (another, other, anyone else)
- ग्रहीष्यति (grahīṣyati) - will take, will seize
- हन्तव्यः (hantavyaḥ) - to be killed, killable, ought to be killed
- सः (saḥ) - Refers to 'whoever else takes up a weapon'. (he, that)
- मया (mayā) - by me
- दस्युः (dasyuḥ) - A brigand or unlawful person. (bandit, rogue, enemy, barbarian)
- परिहंसरतः (parihaṁsarataḥ) - A person who finds pleasure in scoffing at others or in hostile criticism. (one who delights in mockery/ridicule)
- अपि (api) - even, also, too
- वा (vā) - or
Words meanings and morphology
अद्यप्रभृति (adyaprabhṛti) - from today onwards, henceforth
(indeclinable)
Compound of adya (today) and prabhṛti (from, beginning from).
Compound type : avyayībhāva (adya+prabhṛti)
- adya – today
indeclinable - prabhṛti – beginning from, since, onwards
indeclinable (feminine)
From pra + bhṛ (to bear, carry) + ktin suffix; used as an indeclinable to indicate 'from onwards'.
Prefix: pra
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
यः (yaḥ) - whoever, who
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)
Note: Subject of grahīṣyati.
शस्त्रम् (śastram) - weapon, instrument
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śastra
śastra - weapon, knife, iron implement, instrument
From root śaṃs (to cut, kill) or śās (to command, instruct).
Root: śās (class 2)
Note: Direct object of grahīṣyati.
माम् (mām) - Refers to King Arjuna. (me)
(pronoun)
Accusative, singular of aham
aham - I (first person pronoun)
Note: Object of the preposition ṛte.
ऋते (ṛte) - except, without, apart from
(indeclinable)
Usually takes accusative or ablative.
Note: Functions as a preposition governing mām.
अन्यः (anyaḥ) - Anyone else (besides me). (another, other, anyone else)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Agrees with yaḥ.
ग्रहीष्यति (grahīṣyati) - will take, will seize
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of grah
future active indicative 3rd person singular
From root grah, future tense (lṛṭ).
Root: grah (class 9)
हन्तव्यः (hantavyaḥ) - to be killed, killable, ought to be killed
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of hantavya
hantavya - to be killed, killable, worthy of being killed
Gerundive (Kartavya participle)
From root han (to strike, kill) + suffix tavya.
Root: han (class 2)
सः (saḥ) - Refers to 'whoever else takes up a weapon'. (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he
Note: Coreferential with yaḥ.
मया (mayā) - by me
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of aham
aham - I (first person pronoun)
Note: Agent in the passive construction 'to be killed by me'.
दस्युः (dasyuḥ) - A brigand or unlawful person. (bandit, rogue, enemy, barbarian)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dasyu
dasyu - bandit, robber, barbarian, enemy, rogue
Note: Predicate nominative with hantavyaḥ.
परिहंसरतः (parihaṁsarataḥ) - A person who finds pleasure in scoffing at others or in hostile criticism. (one who delights in mockery/ridicule)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of parihaṃsarata
parihaṁsarata - one delighting in mockery, fond of ridiculing
Compound: parihaṃsa (mockery, derision) + rata (delighting in). parihaṃsa is from pari + has (to laugh) + a (suffix).
Compound type : tatpurusha (parihaṃsa+rata)
- parihaṃsa – mockery, derision, scoffing
noun (masculine)
From pari + has (to laugh).
Prefix: pari
Root: has (class 1) - rata – delighting in, fond of, devoted to
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root ram (to delight) + kta suffix.
Root: ram (class 1)
Note: Predicate nominative, parallel to dasyuḥ.
अपि (api) - even, also, too
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic.
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.