मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-111, verse-4
मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
ततस्ते मुनयस्तस्य पाशुपाल्यं तथा कृषिम् ।
वाणिज्यं च परं धर्ममाचचख्युः सभासदः ॥४॥
ततस्ते मुनयस्तस्य पाशुपाल्यं तथा कृषिम् ।
वाणिज्यं च परं धर्ममाचचख्युः सभासदः ॥४॥
4. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca .
tataste munayastasya pāśupālyaṃ tathā kṛṣim .
vāṇijyaṃ ca paraṃ dharmamācacakhyuḥ sabhāsadaḥ.
tataste munayastasya pāśupālyaṃ tathā kṛṣim .
vāṇijyaṃ ca paraṃ dharmamācacakhyuḥ sabhāsadaḥ.
4.
mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca | tataḥ te munayaḥ tasya pāśupālyam tathā
kṛṣim | vāṇijyam ca param dharmam ācacakhyuḥ sabhāsadaḥ
kṛṣim | vāṇijyam ca param dharmam ācacakhyuḥ sabhāsadaḥ
4.
Mārkaṇḍeya said: Then, those sages who were members of the assembly instructed him regarding animal husbandry, agriculture, and trade, considering these his supreme duty (dharma).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (a famous sage)
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)
- ते (te) - those (sages) (those (masculine plural nominative), by you (singular instrumental), to you (singular dative/genitive))
- मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics
- तस्य (tasya) - to him (the king's son) (to him, of him, his)
- पाशुपाल्यम् (pāśupālyam) - animal husbandry, tending cattle
- तथा (tathā) - and (and, also, in that manner)
- कृषिम् (kṛṣim) - agriculture, farming
- वाणिज्यम् (vāṇijyam) - trade, commerce
- च (ca) - and
- परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent
- धर्मम् (dharmam) - his duty (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, intrinsic nature)
- आचचख्युः (ācacakhyuḥ) - explained, recounted, declared
- सभासदः (sabhāsadaḥ) - members of the assembly, courtiers
Words meanings and morphology
मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (a famous sage)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya
mārkaṇḍeya - Mārkaṇḍeya (a sage)
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac
Perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular of √vac (2nd class)
Root: vac (class 2)
ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)
(indeclinable)
ते (te) - those (sages) (those (masculine plural nominative), by you (singular instrumental), to you (singular dative/genitive))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of muni
muni - sage, ascetic
तस्य (tasya) - to him (the king's son) (to him, of him, his)
(pronoun)
Dative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, his
Note: Could also be genitive, but dative fits the context of explaining 'to him'.
पाशुपाल्यम् (pāśupālyam) - animal husbandry, tending cattle
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pāśupālya
pāśupālya - animal husbandry
From pāśu-pāla (animal-herder) + -ya (suffix forming abstract noun)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paśu+pāla)
- paśu – animal, cattle
noun (masculine) - pāla – protector, keeper
noun (masculine)
Root: pāl (class 10)
तथा (tathā) - and (and, also, in that manner)
(indeclinable)
कृषिम् (kṛṣim) - agriculture, farming
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛṣi
kṛṣi - agriculture, cultivation
From √kṛṣ (to plough)
Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
वाणिज्यम् (vāṇijyam) - trade, commerce
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vāṇijya
vāṇijya - trade, commerce
From vaṇij (merchant) + -ya (suffix forming abstract noun)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of para
para - other, supreme, highest
Note: Agrees with 'dharmam'.
धर्मम् (dharmam) - his duty (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, intrinsic nature)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, intrinsic nature
From √dhṛ (to uphold, support)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
आचचख्युः (ācacakhyuḥ) - explained, recounted, declared
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ācakh
Perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person plural of √cakṣ (to see, tell) with prefix ā-
Prefix: ā
Root: cakṣ (class 2)
सभासदः (sabhāsadaḥ) - members of the assembly, courtiers
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sabhāsad
sabhāsad - member of an assembly, courtier
Compound of sabhā (assembly) and sad (one who sits/resides)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sabhā+sad)
- sabhā – assembly, council
noun (feminine) - sad – sitting, residing, member
noun (masculine)
Past Active Participle (derived)
From √sad (to sit)
Root: sad (class 1)