महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-42, verse-6

अथागम्य महाभागास्तत्तीर्थं दारुणं तदा ।
दृष्ट्वा तोयं सरस्वत्याः शोणितेन परिप्लुतम् ।
पीयमानं च रक्षोभिर्बहुभिर्नृपसत्तम ॥६॥

6. athāgamya mahābhāgāstattīrthaṁ dāruṇaṁ tadā ,
dṛṣṭvā toyaṁ sarasvatyāḥ śoṇitena pariplutam ,
pīyamānaṁ ca rakṣobhirbahubhirnṛpasattama.

6. atha āgamya mahābhāgāḥ tat tīrtham
dāruṇam tadā dṛṣṭvā toyam sarasvatyāḥ
śoṇitena pariplutam pīyamānam
ca rakṣobhiḥ bahubhiḥ nṛpasattama

6. nṛpasattama,
atha tadā mahābhāgāḥ tat dāruṇam tīrtham āgamya,
sarasvatyāḥ śoṇitena pariplutam toyam ca bahubhiḥ rakṣobhiḥ pīyamānam dṛṣṭvā

6. Then, O best of kings (nṛpasattama), having arrived at that dreadful holy place, the great-souled (mahābhāgāḥ) sages saw the water of the Sarasvatī river drenched with blood and being drunk by many Rākṣasas.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• आगम्य (āgamya) - having approached, having arrived at

• महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - great-souled, blessed, noble

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• तीर्थम् (tīrtham) - holy place, sacred ford

• दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - terrible, dreadful, cruel, harsh

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• तोयम् (toyam) - water

• सरस्वत्याः (sarasvatyāḥ) - of Sarasvatī (river)

• शोणितेन (śoṇitena) - by blood, with blood

• परिप्लुतम् (pariplutam) - covered, drenched, overflowed

• पीयमानम् (pīyamānam) - being drunk, being consumed

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• रक्षोभिः (rakṣobhiḥ) - by Rākṣasas (demons)

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

• नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best of kings

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the beginning of a new section or event.

आगम्य (āgamya) - having approached, having arrived at

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root gam- 'to go' with prefix ā- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb (implied in the next verse).

महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - great-souled, blessed, noble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - great-souled, blessed, noble, highly fortunate

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhaj- 'to divide, to share'.
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Refers to the sages.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the specific holy place in question.

तीर्थम् (tīrtham) - holy place, sacred ford

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tīrtha

tīrtha - holy place, sacred ford, sacred bathing place, shrine

Note: Object of 'āgamya'.

दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - terrible, dreadful, cruel, harsh

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dāruṇa

dāruṇa - terrible, dreadful, cruel, harsh, severe

Note: Modifies 'tīrtham'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root dṛś- 'to see' with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the implied main verb.

तोयम् (toyam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of toya

toya - water

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

सरस्वत्याः (sarasvatyāḥ) - of Sarasvatī (river)

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of sarasvatī

sarasvatī - Sarasvatī (name of a sacred river, goddess of knowledge and arts)

Note: Possessive, specifies whose water.

शोणितेन (śoṇitena) - by blood, with blood

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śoṇita

śoṇita - blood, red

Note: Indicates the agent or means of drenching.

परिप्लुतम् (pariplutam) - covered, drenched, overflowed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paripluta

paripluta - covered, drenched, overflowed, submerged

Past Passive Participle

From root plu- 'to float, to swim' with prefix pari- and suffix -ta.

Prefix: pari

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'toyam'.

पीयमानम् (pīyamānam) - being drunk, being consumed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pīyamāna

pīyamāna - being drunk, being consumed

Present Passive Participle

From root pā- 'to drink' with suffix -yamāna (for passive).

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'toyam' and describes its ongoing state.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: A conjunctive particle.

रक्षोभिः (rakṣobhiḥ) - by Rākṣasas (demons)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - Rākṣasa, demon, evil spirit

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'pīyamānam'.

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Modifies 'rakṣobhiḥ'.

नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpasattama

nṛpasattama - best of kings, most excellent king

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+sattama)

• nṛpa – king, protector of men
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of nṛ (man) and pā (protector).
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama added to sat (good/existing).

Note: Direct address.