महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-42, verse-32

तच्छिरो नमुचेश्छिन्नं पृष्ठतः शक्रमन्वयात् ।
हे मित्रहन्पाप इति ब्रुवाणं शक्रमन्तिकात् ॥३२॥

32. tacchiro namuceśchinnaṁ pṛṣṭhataḥ śakramanvayāt ,
he mitrahanpāpa iti bruvāṇaṁ śakramantikāt.

32. tat śiraḥ namuceḥ chinnam pṛṣṭhataḥ śakram anvayāt
he mitrahant pāpa iti bruvāṇam śakram antikāt

32. tat namuceḥ chinnam śiraḥ pṛṣṭhataḥ śakram anvayāt
he mitrahant pāpa iti bruvāṇam śakram antikāt

32. That severed head of Namuci followed Indra from behind, addressing him from nearby with the words, 'O slayer of a friend! O sinful one!'

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - modifying 'śiraḥ' (that, it)

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• नमुचेः (namuceḥ) - of Namuci

• छिन्नम् (chinnam) - severed, cut

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, from the back

• शक्रम् (śakram) - Indra

• अन्वयात् (anvayāt) - followed, pursued

• हे (he) - O!

• मित्रहन्त् (mitrahant) - O killer of a friend!

• पाप (pāpa) - O sinful one! O wicked one!

• इति (iti) - introduces direct speech (thus, so)

• ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - modifying 'śakram' (speaking, saying)

• शक्रम् (śakram) - Indra

• अन्तिकात् (antikāt) - from near, from nearby, from close by

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - modifying 'śiraḥ' (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

नमुचेः (namuceḥ) - of Namuci

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of namuci

namuci - Namuci (name of an Asura)

छिन्नम् (chinnam) - severed, cut

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of chinna

chinna - cut, severed, broken

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root chid (to cut).

Root: chid (class 7)

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, from the back

(indeclinable)

Derived from pṛṣṭha (back) with the suffix -tas.

शक्रम् (śakram) - Indra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra, powerful, mighty

अन्वयात् (anvayāt) - followed, pursued

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of anv-i

Imperfect Active

Imperfect tense, 3rd person, singular, active voice of the root i (class 2) with upasarga anu.

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

हे (he) - O!

(indeclinable)

मित्रहन्त् (mitrahant) - O killer of a friend!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mitrahan

mitrahan - killer of a friend

Compound type : tatpurusha (mitra+han)

• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)
• han – slayer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root han (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

पाप (pāpa) - O sinful one! O wicked one!

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sinful, wicked, evil; sin, evil

इति (iti) - introduces direct speech (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - modifying 'śakram' (speaking, saying)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bruvāṇa

bruvāṇa - speaking, saying, declaring

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from the root brū (to speak, class 2) with the suffix -āna.

Root: brū (class 2)

शक्रम् (śakram) - Indra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra, powerful, mighty

अन्तिकात् (antikāt) - from near, from nearby, from close by

(indeclinable)

Derived from antika (near) with the suffix -āt (ablative sense).