महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-42, verse-15

वयं हि क्षुधिताश्चैव धर्माद्धीनाश्च शाश्वतात् ।
न च नः कामकारोऽयं यद्वयं पापकारिणः ॥१५॥

15. vayaṁ hi kṣudhitāścaiva dharmāddhīnāśca śāśvatāt ,
na ca naḥ kāmakāro'yaṁ yadvayaṁ pāpakāriṇaḥ.

15. vayam hi kṣudhitāḥ ca eva dharmāt hīnāḥ ca śāśvatāt
na ca naḥ kāmakāraḥ ayam yat vayam pāpakāriṇaḥ

15. vayam hi kṣudhitāḥ ca eva śāśvatāt dharmāt hīnāḥ
ca na ca ayam naḥ kāmakāraḥ yat vayam pāpakāriṇaḥ

15. Indeed, we are hungry and deprived of the eternal natural law (dharma). And it is not by our own desire that we are committing sinful acts.

Words meanings summery:

• वयम् (vayam) - we, us

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• क्षुधिताः (kṣudhitāḥ) - hungry

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from the eternal natural law (dharma) (from natural law, from righteousness, from constitution)

• हीनाः (hīnāḥ) - deprived, destitute, fallen from

• च (ca) - and, also

• शाश्वतात् (śāśvatāt) - from eternal, from perpetual

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• नः (naḥ) - to us, our

• कामकारः (kāmakāraḥ) - our own desire/will (acting according to one's own will, arbitrary action)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (act) (this, he)

• यत् (yat) - that (connects to the following clause) (that, which, because)

• वयम् (vayam) - we, us

• पापकारिणः (pāpakāriṇaḥ) - sinners, evildoers

Words meanings and morphology

वयम् (vayam) - we, us

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

क्षुधिताः (kṣudhitāḥ) - hungry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣudhita

kṣudhita - hungry, famished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṣudh (to be hungry) + -ita suffix

Root: kṣudh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vayam' (we)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from the eternal natural law (dharma) (from natural law, from righteousness, from constitution)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue (dharma)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

हीनाः (hīnāḥ) - deprived, destitute, fallen from

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hīna

hīna - deprived of, deficient in, inferior, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root hā (to abandon, forsake) + -na suffix

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'vayam' (we)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

शाश्वतात् (śāśvatāt) - from eternal, from perpetual

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, constant, permanent

Note: Agrees with 'dharmāt' (from dharma)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - to us, our

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Here in genitive sense "our" or dative "to us"

कामकारः (kāmakāraḥ) - our own desire/will (acting according to one's own will, arbitrary action)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāmakāra

kāmakāra - acting according to one's own will, arbitrary action, self-willed

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+kāra)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• kāra – doing, making, act, agent
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) + -a suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

अयम् (ayam) - this (act) (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

यत् (yat) - that (connects to the following clause) (that, which, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as a conjunction meaning "that" or "because".

वयम् (vayam) - we, us

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

पापकारिणः (pāpakāriṇaḥ) - sinners, evildoers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāpakārin

pāpakārin - sinful, doing evil, evildoer, sinner

Agent noun from pāpa + kṛ

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+kārin)

• pāpa – evil, sin, wicked
  noun (neuter)
• kārin – doing, making, performing (agent noun suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) + -in suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'vayam' (we)