महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-42, verse-14

दृष्ट्वा तोयं सरस्वत्या मुनिभिस्तैस्तथा कृतम् ।
कृताञ्जलीस्ततो राजन्राक्षसाः क्षुधयार्दिताः ।
ऊचुस्तान्वै मुनीन्सर्वान्कृपायुक्तान्पुनः पुनः ॥१४॥

14. dṛṣṭvā toyaṁ sarasvatyā munibhistaistathā kṛtam ,
kṛtāñjalīstato rājanrākṣasāḥ kṣudhayārditāḥ ,
ūcustānvai munīnsarvānkṛpāyuktānpunaḥ punaḥ.

14. dṛṣṭvā toyam sarasvatyā munibhiḥ taiḥ
tathā kṛtam kṛtāñjalīḥ tataḥ rājan
rākṣasāḥ kṣudhayā ārditāḥ ūcuḥ tān
vai munīn sarvān kṛpāyuktān punaḥ punaḥ

14. rājan rākṣasāḥ kṣudhayā ārditāḥ munibhiḥ
taiḥ tathā kṛtam sarasvatyā toyam
dṛṣṭvā tataḥ kṛtāñjalīḥ tān sarvān
kṛpāyuktān munīn vai punaḥ punaḥ ūcuḥ

14. O king, when the Rākṣasas, afflicted by hunger, saw that the water of Sarasvati had been purified by those sages, they then, with folded hands, repeatedly addressed all those compassionate sages.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• तोयम् (toyam) - water, liquid

• सरस्वत्या (sarasvatyā) - The water belonging to Sarasvati (genitive). (of Sarasvati, by Sarasvati)

• मुनिभिः (munibhiḥ) - by the sages, by the ascetics

• तैः (taiḥ) - Refers to the munis. (by them (masculine/neuter plural instrumental))

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - The water having been made pure/restored. (done, made, performed)

• कृताञ्जलीः (kṛtāñjalīḥ) - The Rākṣasas showing respect/supplication. (with folded hands, having performed the Añjali gesture)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to the listener/narrator. (O king!)

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - Rākṣasas, demons

• क्षुधया (kṣudhayā) - by hunger, with hunger

• आर्दिताः (ārditāḥ) - The Rākṣasas were suffering from hunger. (tormented, afflicted, distressed, oppressed)

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

• तान् (tān) - Refers to the munis. (those (masculine accusative plural))

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• मुनीन् (munīn) - sages, ascetics (accusative plural)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every (masculine accusative plural)

• कृपायुक्तान् (kṛpāyuktān) - full of compassion, endowed with pity, compassionate

• पुनः (punaḥ) - Repeatedly. (again, further, moreover)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - Repeatedly. (again, further, moreover)

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dṛś (to see) + tvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तोयम् (toyam) - water, liquid

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of toya

toya - water

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

सरस्वत्या (sarasvatyā) - The water belonging to Sarasvati (genitive). (of Sarasvati, by Sarasvati)

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of sarasvatī

sarasvatī - Name of a sacred river, goddess of learning and arts

Note: Possessive case, indicating the water *of* Sarasvati.

मुनिभिः (munibhiḥ) - by the sages, by the ascetics

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, silent one

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agent in the passive construction (water made by them).

तैः (taiḥ) - Refers to the munis. (by them (masculine/neuter plural instrumental))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Note: Coreferential with munibhiḥ.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - The water having been made pure/restored. (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, performed (past passive participle of kṛ)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do) + ta (kta) suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies toyam.

कृताञ्जलीः (kṛtāñjalīḥ) - The Rākṣasas showing respect/supplication. (with folded hands, having performed the Añjali gesture)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - having folded hands, showing reverence, making añjali

Compound: kṛta (done) + añjali (folding of hands)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do) + ta (kta) suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – the hollow of the hands, a respectful or reverential salutation by folding the hands together
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies rākṣasāḥ (nominative plural), so it should be nominative plural here.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to the listener/narrator. (O king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - Rākṣasas, demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a demon, an evil spirit, a Rākṣasa

Derived from rakṣ (to protect, but also denoting harmful beings)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of ūcuḥ.

क्षुधया (kṣudhayā) - by hunger, with hunger

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kṣudh

kṣudh - hunger, appetite

Root: kṣudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the means or cause of affliction.

आर्दिताः (ārditāḥ) - The Rākṣasas were suffering from hunger. (tormented, afflicted, distressed, oppressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ārdita

ārdita - tormented, afflicted, distressed (Past Passive Participle of ārd)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ṛd (to pain, trouble) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛd (class 1)

Note: Qualifies rākṣasāḥ.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

3rd person, plural, perfect active indicative

Root: vac (class 2)

तान् (tān) - Refers to the munis. (those (masculine accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Note: Object of ūcuḥ.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

मुनीन् (munīn) - sages, ascetics (accusative plural)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, silent one

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of ūcuḥ, qualified by tān, sarvān, kṛpāyuktān.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every (masculine accusative plural)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Qualifies munīn.

कृपायुक्तान् (kṛpāyuktān) - full of compassion, endowed with pity, compassionate

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṛpāyukta

kṛpāyukta - endowed with compassion, compassionate (compound of kṛpā and yukta)

Compound: kṛpā (compassion) + yukta (joined, endowed with)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛpā+yukta)

• kṛpā – compassion, pity, mercy, grace
  noun (feminine)
• yukta – joined, united, endowed with, fit, proper (past passive participle of yuj)
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yuj (to join, to connect) + ta (kta) suffix
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies munīn.

पुनः (punaḥ) - Repeatedly. (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - Repeatedly. (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)