महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-42, verse-22

तस्माज्ज्ञात्वा सदा विद्वानेतान्यन्नानि वर्जयेत् ।
राक्षसान्नमसौ भुङ्क्ते यो भुङ्क्ते ह्यन्नमीदृशम् ॥२२॥

22. tasmājjñātvā sadā vidvānetānyannāni varjayet ,
rākṣasānnamasau bhuṅkte yo bhuṅkte hyannamīdṛśam.

22. tasmāt jñātvā sadā vidvān etāni annāni varjayet
rākṣasānnam asau bhuṅkte yaḥ bhuṅkte hi annam īdṛśam

22. tasmāt vidvān sadā jñātvā etāni annāni varjayet yaḥ
hi īdṛśam annam bhuṅkte asau rākṣasānnam bhuṅkte

22. Therefore, a wise person, always understanding this, should avoid these foods. For whoever eats such food indeed eats the food of rākṣasas.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, understanding

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person, learned

• एतानि (etāni) - these

• अन्नानि (annāni) - foods, grains

• वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid, should shun, should exclude

• राक्षसान्नम् (rākṣasānnam) - food of rākṣasas (demons)

• असौ (asau) - he (the one who eats) (that one, he)

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, enjoys

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever, who

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, enjoys

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, certainly, for)

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

• ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such, of this kind

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Ablative singular of 'tad' used adverbially as 'therefore'.

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, understanding

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: jñā (class 9)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person, learned

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvas

vidvas - knowing, learned, wise person, scholar

Present Active Participle

From root vid (to know) with the vas-suffix.

Root: vid (class 2)

एतानि (etāni) - these

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to annāni.

अन्नानि (annāni) - foods, grains

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of anna

anna - food, grain, cooked rice

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root ad (to eat) with suffix -na.

Root: ad (class 2)

वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid, should shun, should exclude

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vṛj

Causative formation of root vṛj, or from a root varj.

Root: vṛj (class 10)

राक्षसान्नम् (rākṣasānnam) - food of rākṣasas (demons)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rākṣasānna

rākṣasānna - food of rākṣasas, demonic food

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rakṣas+anna)

• rakṣas – rākṣasa, demon, evil spirit
  noun (neuter)
• anna – food, grain, cooked rice
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  From root ad (to eat) with suffix -na.
  Root: ad (class 2)

असौ (asau) - he (the one who eats) (that one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'yaḥ' (whoever).

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, enjoys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

Root: bhuj (class 7)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, whatever, that which

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, enjoys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

Root: bhuj (class 7)

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, certainly, for)

(indeclinable)

अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain, cooked rice

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root ad (to eat) with suffix -na.

Root: ad (class 2)

ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such, of this kind

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of īdṛśa

īdṛśa - such, of this kind, like this

Derived from idaṃ (this) and dṛś (to see, appear).

Note: Agrees with annam.