महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-40, verse-23

ऋषिः प्रसन्नस्तस्याभूत्संरम्भं च विहाय सः ।
मोक्षार्थं तस्य राष्ट्रस्य जुहाव पुनराहुतिम् ॥२३॥

23. ṛṣiḥ prasannastasyābhūtsaṁrambhaṁ ca vihāya saḥ ,
mokṣārthaṁ tasya rāṣṭrasya juhāva punarāhutim.

23. ṛṣiḥ prasannaḥ tasya abhūt saṃrambham ca vihāya
saḥ mokṣārtham tasya rāṣṭrasya juhāva punaḥ āhutim

23. saḥ ṛṣiḥ tasya prasannaḥ abhūt ca saṃrambham vihāya
tasya rāṣṭrasya mokṣārtham punaḥ āhutim juhāva

23. The sage became gracious towards him, and abandoning his anger, he again offered an oblation (āhuti) for the liberation (mokṣa) of that kingdom.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage (sage, seer, inspired poet)

• प्रसन्नः (prasannaḥ) - gracious (pleased, gracious, clear, tranquil)

• तस्य (tasya) - to him (the king) (to him, for him (masculine/neuter dative/genitive singular))

• अभूत् (abhūt) - became (became, was)

• संरम्भम् (saṁrambham) - anger (fury, anger, excitement, impetuosity)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left, having given up)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the sage) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• मोक्षार्थम् (mokṣārtham) - for the liberation (mokṣa) (for the purpose of liberation (mokṣa))

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (of that (masculine/neuter genitive singular))

• राष्ट्रस्य (rāṣṭrasya) - of the kingdom (of the kingdom, of the realm)

• जुहाव (juhāva) - he offered (an oblation) (he offered (an oblation), he sacrificed)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

• आहुतिम् (āhutim) - oblation (oblation, offering)

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage (sage, seer, inspired poet)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Subject of abhūt.

प्रसन्नः (prasannaḥ) - gracious (pleased, gracious, clear, tranquil)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prasanna

prasanna - pleased, gracious, clear, tranquil

Past Passive Participle

From root pra-sad (to sit down, become clear/calm)

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies ṛṣiḥ.

तस्य (tasya) - to him (the king) (to him, for him (masculine/neuter dative/genitive singular))

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Often dative is used with verbs like bhū (to be) for a recipient.

अभूत् (abhūt) - became (became, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Denotes a past action.

संरम्भम् (saṁrambham) - anger (fury, anger, excitement, impetuosity)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃrambha

saṁrambha - fury, anger, excitement, impetuosity

From root 'rambh' (to begin) with 'sam' prefix

Prefix: sam

Root: rambh (class 1)

Note: Object of vihāya.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left, having given up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root 'hā' (to abandon) with 'vi' prefix

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Denotes a preceding action by the same subject.

सः (saḥ) - he (the sage) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of juhāva.

मोक्षार्थम् (mokṣārtham) - for the liberation (mokṣa) (for the purpose of liberation (mokṣa))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mokṣārtha

mokṣārtha - purpose of liberation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mokṣa+artha)

• mokṣa – liberation, release, freedom
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'muc' (to release)
  Root: muc (class 6)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to express purpose.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (of that (masculine/neuter genitive singular))

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifies rāṣṭrasya.

राष्ट्रस्य (rāṣṭrasya) - of the kingdom (of the kingdom, of the realm)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, realm, country

Note: Connected to mokṣārtham.

जुहाव (juhāva) - he offered (an oblation) (he offered (an oblation), he sacrificed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of hu

Perfect tense, active voice (parasmaipada)

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Subject is saḥ (the Rishi).

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies juhāva.

आहुतिम् (āhutim) - oblation (oblation, offering)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āhuti

āhuti - oblation, offering, sacrifice

From root 'hu' (to offer) with 'ā' prefix

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Object of juhāva.