महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-40, verse-15

दृष्ट्वा तदवकीर्णं तु राष्ट्रं स मनुजाधिपः ।
बभूव दुर्मना राजंश्चिन्तयामास च प्रभुः ॥१५॥

15. dṛṣṭvā tadavakīrṇaṁ tu rāṣṭraṁ sa manujādhipaḥ ,
babhūva durmanā rājaṁścintayāmāsa ca prabhuḥ.

15. dṛṣṭvā tat avakīrṇam tu rāṣṭram saḥ manujādhipaḥ
babhūva durmanāḥ rājan cintayām āsa ca prabhuḥ

15. rājan tu saḥ manujādhipaḥ prabhuḥ tat avakīrṇam
rāṣṭram dṛṣṭvā durmanāḥ babhūva ca cintayām āsa

15. Having seen that devastated kingdom, that lord of men (manujādhipaḥ) became dejected, O king (rājan), and indeed, that powerful ruler (prabhuḥ) began to ponder.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• तत् (tat) - that kingdom (that)

• अवकीर्णम् (avakīrṇam) - devastated (kingdom) (scattered, strewn, disarranged)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom, realm, nation, country

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• मनुजाधिपः (manujādhipaḥ) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (king, lord of men)

• बभूव (babhūva) - became, came to be

• दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - dejected, sad-minded, distressed

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (vocative, addressing Janamejaya, the listener of the Mahabharata narrative) (O king)

• चिन्तयाम् आस (cintayām āsa) - he thought, he pondered

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - that powerful ruler (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (lord, master, powerful one)

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that kingdom (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अवकीर्णम् (avakīrṇam) - devastated (kingdom) (scattered, strewn, disarranged)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avakīrṇa

avakīrṇa - scattered, strewn, dispersed, disarranged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kīr' (to scatter) with prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: kīr (class 6)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom, realm, nation, country

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, realm, nation, country

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मनुजाधिपः (manujādhipaḥ) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (king, lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manujādhipa

manujādhipa - king, lord of men, ruler

Compound type : Genitive Tatpuruṣa (manuja+adhipa)

• manuja – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'manu' (Manu) + 'ja' (born).
• adhipa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)

बभूव (babhūva) - became, came to be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - dejected, sad-minded, distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmanas

durmanas - dejected, sad-minded, distressed, ill-tempered

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (dur+manas)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, intellect, heart, spirit
  noun (neuter)

राजन् (rājan) - O king (vocative, addressing Janamejaya, the listener of the Mahabharata narrative) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

चिन्तयाम् आस (cintayām āsa) - he thought, he pondered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of cint

Perfect Periphrastic

Formed using the root 'cint' with the suffix '-ām' and the perfect form of 'as' (to be).

Root: cint (class 10)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - that powerful ruler (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (lord, master, powerful one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, powerful, able, mighty