महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-40, verse-20

सरस्वतीं ततो गत्वा स राजा बकमब्रवीत् ।
निपत्य शिरसा भूमौ प्राञ्जलिर्भरतर्षभ ॥२०॥

20. sarasvatīṁ tato gatvā sa rājā bakamabravīt ,
nipatya śirasā bhūmau prāñjalirbharatarṣabha.

20. sarasvatīm tataḥ gatvā saḥ rājā bakam abravīt
nipatya śirasā bhūmau prāñjaliḥ bharatarṣabha

20. bharatarṣabha tataḥ sarasvatīm gatvā,
saḥ rājā bhūmau śirasā निपत्य प्राञ्जलिः बकम् abravīt.

20. O best of Bharatas (Bharatarṣabha)! Then, having gone to the Sarasvati (river), that king spoke to Baka, prostrating himself with his head on the ground and with folded hands.

Words meanings summery:

• सरस्वतीम् (sarasvatīm) - to Sarasvati (river)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefrom

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• सः (saḥ) - that king (Janamejaya) (that, he)

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• बकम् (bakam) - to Baka

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• निपत्य (nipatya) - having fallen, having prostrated

• शिरसा (śirasā) - with the head

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (in reverence)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing King Janamejaya as the best of his lineage (O best of Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

सरस्वतीम् (sarasvatīm) - to Sarasvati (river)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarasvatī

sarasvatī - Sarasvati (name of a sacred river, goddess of wisdom)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefrom

(indeclinable)

From pronominal root tad- + -tas (ablative suffix)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root gam- (1st class) + -tvā suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - that king (Janamejaya) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

बकम् (bakam) - to Baka

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of baka

baka - Baka (a proper name, often a demon or a sage)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (luṅ) of bru

Root: bru (class 2)

निपत्य (nipatya) - having fallen, having prostrated

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root pat- (1st class) with prefix ni- + -ya suffix for absolutive

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

शिरसा (śirasā) - with the head

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (in reverence)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with folded hands, reverential gesture, respectful salutation

Compound of pra- (forward) + añjali (folded hands)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forward, onward, forth
  indeclinable
• añjali – the folded palms of the hand, an offering of water, a respectful salutation
  noun (masculine)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing King Janamejaya as the best of his lineage (O best of Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, bull among Bharatas (an epithet for kings of the Bharata lineage)

Compound of bharata (Bharata, a name of an ancient king) + ṛṣabha (bull, best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – Bharata (name of an ancient king, progenitor of a prominent lineage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent, chief
  noun (masculine)