महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-38, verse-24

रुषङ्गुर्ब्राह्मणो वृद्धस्तपोनित्यश्च भारत ।
देहन्यासे कृतमना विचिन्त्य बहुधा बहु ॥२४॥

24. ruṣaṅgurbrāhmaṇo vṛddhastaponityaśca bhārata ,
dehanyāse kṛtamanā vicintya bahudhā bahu.

24. ruṣaṅguḥ brāhmaṇaḥ vṛddhaḥ taponityaḥ ca bhārata
dehanyāse kṛtamanāḥ vicintya bahudhā bahu

24. bhārata ruṣaṅguḥ vṛddhaḥ brāhmaṇaḥ ca taponityaḥ
bahudhā bahu vicintya dehanyāse kṛtamanāḥ

24. O descendant of Bharata, Ruṣaṅgu, an aged Brahmin constantly devoted to asceticism (tapas), had resolved to abandon his body after having greatly pondered it in many ways.

Words meanings summery:

• रुषङ्गुः (ruṣaṅguḥ) - Ruṣaṅgu (proper name)

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Brahmin, one belonging to the Brahmin caste

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged, grown, increased

• तपोनित्यः (taponityaḥ) - constantly engaged in asceticism, always practicing penance

• च (ca) - and, also

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Janamejaya) (O descendant of Bharata)

• देहन्यासे (dehanyāse) - in the abandonment of the body

• कृतमनाः (kṛtamanāḥ) - resolved, determined, one whose mind is made up

• विचिन्त्य (vicintya) - having pondered, having reflected, having thought deeply

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifoldly

• बहु (bahu) - greatly (adverbial use modifying 'vicintya') (much, many, greatly)

Words meanings and morphology

रुषङ्गुः (ruṣaṅguḥ) - Ruṣaṅgu (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ruṣaṅgu

ruṣaṅgu - Ruṣaṅgu (proper name of a sage)

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Brahmin, one belonging to the Brahmin caste

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, belonging to a Brahmin, relating to Brahman

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged, grown, increased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'vṛdh' (to grow, increase)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

तपोनित्यः (taponityaḥ) - constantly engaged in asceticism, always practicing penance

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of taponitya

taponitya - constantly engaged in penance (tapas), devoted to asceticism

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapas+nitya)

• tapas – penance, asceticism, heat
  noun (neuter)
• nitya – constant, eternal, always
  adjective (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Janamejaya) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, Indian

देहन्यासे (dehanyāse) - in the abandonment of the body

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dehanyāsa

dehanyāsa - abandonment of the body

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deha+nyāsa)

• deha – body, corporeal form
  noun (masculine)
• nyāsa – placing, depositing, abandoning, resignation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'as' with prefix 'ni'
  Prefix: ni
  Root: as (class 4)

कृतमनाः (kṛtamanāḥ) - resolved, determined, one whose mind is made up

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtamanas

kṛtamanas - resolved, determined, having made up one's mind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+manas)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)

विचिन्त्य (vicintya) - having pondered, having reflected, having thought deeply

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from the root 'cint' (to think) with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: cint (class 10)

बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifoldly

(indeclinable)

बहु (bahu) - greatly (adverbial use modifying 'vicintya') (much, many, greatly)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant

Note: Used adverbially here