महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-38, verse-14

स गत्वा सरितः सर्वाः समुद्रांश्च महातपाः ।
कथयामास तत्सर्वमृषीणां भावितात्मनाम् ॥१४॥

14. sa gatvā saritaḥ sarvāḥ samudrāṁśca mahātapāḥ ,
kathayāmāsa tatsarvamṛṣīṇāṁ bhāvitātmanām.

14. sa gatvā saritaḥ sarvāḥ samudrān ca mahātapāḥ
kathayāmāsa tat sarvam ṛṣīṇām bhāvitātmanām

14. mahātapāḥ sa sarvāḥ saritaḥ samudrān ca gatvā
tat sarvam bhāvitātmanām ṛṣīṇām kathayāmāsa

14. The great ascetic (mahātapāḥ), having visited all rivers and oceans, narrated all that to the sages (ṛṣis) whose intrinsic nature (ātman) had been purified.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• सरितः (saritaḥ) - rivers

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, whole, every

• समुद्रान् (samudrān) - oceans, seas

• च (ca) - and, also

• महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - great ascetic, one possessing great austerity

• कथयामास (kathayāmāsa) - he narrated, he told

• तत् (tat) - that, all that

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole

• ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - of the sages

• भावितात्मनाम् (bhāvitātmanām) - of those whose souls/intrinsic nature are purified/cultivated

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from the root gam with the suffix -tvā, forming an indeclinable past participle (absolutive).

Root: gam (class 1)

सरितः (saritaḥ) - rivers

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarit

sarit - river, stream

Root: sṛ

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, whole, every

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with 'saritaḥ'.

समुद्रान् (samudrān) - oceans, seas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - great ascetic, one possessing great austerity

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapas

mahātapas - great asceticism, great austerity; one who has great asceticism

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'one who has great tapas'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+tapas)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• tapas – asceticism, penance, spiritual heat, austerity
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Refers to the person performing the actions.

कथयामास (kathayāmāsa) - he narrated, he told

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kath

Perfect (Periphrastic)

Formed from the root kath (from katha, 10th class) with the auxiliary verb kṛ or as (āmāsa).

Root: kath (class 10)

तत् (tat) - that, all that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the experiences of the ascetic.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with 'tat'.

ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - of the sages

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

भावितात्मनाम् (bhāvitātmanām) - of those whose souls/intrinsic nature are purified/cultivated

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhāvitātman

bhāvitātman - one whose soul is purified, one with a cultivated self

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'one whose ātman (self/soul) is bhāvita (cultivated/purified)'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhāvita+ātman)

• bhāvita – cultivated, purified, developed, caused to exist
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root bhū (to be, to become) in causative sense, then suffix -ta.
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an

Note: Agrees with 'ṛṣīṇām'.