महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-38, verse-19

सोऽथ गत्वाश्रमं पुण्यं विप्रमुक्तो महातपाः ।
कथयामास तत्सर्वमृषीणां भावितात्मनाम् ॥१९॥

19. so'tha gatvāśramaṁ puṇyaṁ vipramukto mahātapāḥ ,
kathayāmāsa tatsarvamṛṣīṇāṁ bhāvitātmanām.

19. saḥ atha gatvā āśramam puṇyam vipramuktaḥ mahātapāḥ
kathayāmāsa tat sarvam ṛṣīṇām bhāvitātmanām

19. atha saḥ mahātapāḥ vipramuktaḥ puṇyam āśramam
gatvā tat sarvam bhāvitātmanām ṛṣīṇām kathayāmāsa

19. Then, having gone to that sacred hermitage, he, the great ascetic who was completely liberated (mokṣa), narrated everything to the sages whose souls (ātman) were purified.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage, monastery, retreat

• पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - sacred, holy, meritorious, virtuous

• विप्रमुक्तः (vipramuktaḥ) - completely liberated (mokṣa) (completely liberated, entirely freed, released)

• महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - great ascetic, one of great austerity (tapas)

• कथयामास (kathayāmāsa) - he narrated, he told, he recounted

• तत् (tat) - that, this

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

• ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - of the sages, to the sages

• भावितात्मनाम् (bhāvitātmanām) - of those whose souls (ātman) are purified/developed

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root √gam (to go), indicating a completed action prior to the main verb

Root: gam (class 1)

आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage, monastery, retreat

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, retreat, monastic abode, stage of life (āśrama)

पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - sacred, holy, meritorious, virtuous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of puṇya

puṇya - sacred, holy, auspicious, virtuous, meritorious

विप्रमुक्तः (vipramuktaḥ) - completely liberated (mokṣa) (completely liberated, entirely freed, released)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipramukta

vipramukta - entirely liberated, completely released, fully detached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √muc (to free, release) with prefixes vi and pra

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (vi+pra+mukta)

• vi – apart, asunder, away
  indeclinable
  prefix indicating separation or intensity
• pra – forth, forward, intense
  indeclinable
  prefix indicating forward motion, commencement, or excellence
• mukta – freed, released, liberated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √muc (to free, release)
  Root: muc (class 6)

महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - great ascetic, one of great austerity (tapas)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapas

mahātapas - one of great asceticism/austerity (tapas)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tapas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• tapas – austerity, penance, spiritual heat, asceticism
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)

कथयामास (kathayāmāsa) - he narrated, he told, he recounted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kathayāmāsa

Perfect Tense (Lit), Causative stem

Third person singular, parasmaipada, perfect tense of the causative stem of √kath

Root: kath (class 10)

तत् (tat) - that, this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - of the sages, to the sages

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

भावितात्मनाम् (bhāvitātmanām) - of those whose souls (ātman) are purified/developed

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhāvitātman

bhāvitātman - one whose soul (ātman) is cultivated, purified, or whose nature is developed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhāvita+ātman)

• bhāvita – cultivated, developed, purified, caused to be
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the causative stem of √bhū (to be, exist)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)