महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-9, verse-9

धृष्टद्युम्नः कृपं चाथ तस्मिन्वीरवरक्षये ।
शिखण्डी कृतवर्माणं समासादयदच्युतम् ॥९॥

9. dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ kṛpaṁ cātha tasminvīravarakṣaye ,
śikhaṇḍī kṛtavarmāṇaṁ samāsādayadacyutam.

9. dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ kṛpam ca atha tasmin vīravarakṣaye
śikhaṇḍī kṛtavarmāṇam samāsādayat acyutam

9. atha tasmin vīravarakṣaye dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ kṛpam
ca śikhaṇḍī acyutam kṛtavarmāṇam samāsādayat

9. Now, in that great destruction of excellent heroes, Dhṛṣṭadyumna (encountered) Kṛpa, and Śikhaṇḍī attacked the unswerving Kṛtavarman.

Words meanings summery:

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhrishtadyumna

• कृपम् (kṛpam) - to Kripa

• च (ca) - and, also

• अथ (atha) - now, then, moreover

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, in this

• वीरवरक्षये (vīravarakṣaye) - in that great destruction of excellent heroes (in the destruction of excellent heroes)

• शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Shikhandi

• कृतवर्माणम् (kṛtavarmāṇam) - to Kritavarman

• समासादयत् (samāsādayat) - met, encountered, attacked, reached

• अच्युतम् (acyutam) - unswerving (here refers to Kritavarman's steadfastness) (unswerving, firm, unfailing)

Words meanings and morphology

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhrishtadyumna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhrishtadyumna (son of Drupada, brother of Draupadi, commander of Pandava army)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛṣṭa+dyumna)

• dhṛṣṭa – bold, audacious, insolent
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhṛṣ (to be bold).
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)
• dyumna – splendor, glory, wealth
  noun (neuter)

कृपम् (kṛpam) - to Kripa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kripa (a sage, a warrior, one of the immortals, acharya of Kauravas and Pandavas)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - now, then, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a particle to begin a new statement or introduce a new topic.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Agrees with vīravarakṣaye.

वीरवरक्षये (vīravarakṣaye) - in that great destruction of excellent heroes (in the destruction of excellent heroes)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vīravarakṣaya

vīravarakṣaya - destruction of excellent heroes, great warrior's destruction

Tatpurusha compound of vīravara and kṣaya.

Compound type : tatpurusha (vīravara+kṣaya)

• vīravara – excellent hero, best among heroes
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpurusha compound of vīra and vara.
• kṣaya – destruction, annihilation, loss
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṣi (to destroy).
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Contextually, refers to the ongoing great battle.

शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Shikhandi

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Shikhandi (a warrior from the Pandava side, instrumental in Bhishma's fall)

कृतवर्माणम् (kṛtavarmāṇam) - to Kritavarman

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtavarman

kṛtavarman - Kritavarman (a Yadava warrior, allied with the Kauravas)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛta+varman)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• varman – armor, mail, protection
  noun (neuter)

समासादयत् (samāsādayat) - met, encountered, attacked, reached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samāsāday

Causative of āsad with sam- prefix.

Root sad (to sit) with prefixes sam (together) and ā (towards). Causative stem.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Explicitly for Shikhandi, implied for Dhrishtadyumna.

अच्युतम् (acyutam) - unswerving (here refers to Kritavarman's steadfastness) (unswerving, firm, unfailing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of acyuta

acyuta - unswerving, firm, unfailing; imperishable; an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Negative particle 'a-' + cyuta (fallen, swerved) from root cyu (to move, fall).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cyuta)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• cyuta – fallen, swerved, departed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root cyu (to move, fall).
  Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kṛtavarmāṇam.