महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-9, verse-33

तं निहत्य रणे शूरः शैनेयो रथसत्तमः ।
युधामन्यो रथं तूर्णमारुरोह परंतपः ॥३३॥

33. taṁ nihatya raṇe śūraḥ śaineyo rathasattamaḥ ,
yudhāmanyo rathaṁ tūrṇamāruroha paraṁtapaḥ.

33. tam nihatya raṇe śūraḥ śaineyaḥ rathasattamaḥ
yudhāmanyuḥ ratham tūrṇam ārūroha paraṃtapaḥ

33. raṇe tam nihatya śūraḥ rathasattamaḥ paraṃtapaḥ
śaineyaḥ yudhāmanyuḥ ratham tūrṇam ārūroha

33. Having struck him down in battle, the heroic Śaineya, that best of charioteers and tormentor of foes, swiftly mounted Yudhamanyu's chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to the Kekaya king) (him, that one)

• निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed, having struck down

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - brave, heroic, valorous

• शैनेयः (śaineyaḥ) - Śaineya (a proper name, usually referring to Satyaki)

• रथसत्तमः (rathasattamaḥ) - best among charioteers, most excellent charioteer

• युधामन्युः (yudhāmanyuḥ) - Yudhamanyu's (as in 'Yudhamanyu's chariot') (Yudhamanyu (a proper name))

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

• आरूरोह (ārūroha) - ascended, mounted, climbed upon

• परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - tormentor of foes, subjugator of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (referring to the Kekaya king) (him, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed, having struck down

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with upasarga ni and suffix -ya

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war

शूरः (śūraḥ) - brave, heroic, valorous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - brave, heroic, warrior

शैनेयः (śaineyaḥ) - Śaineya (a proper name, usually referring to Satyaki)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaineya

śaineya - descendant of Śini; proper name (Satyaki)

रथसत्तमः (rathasattamaḥ) - best among charioteers, most excellent charioteer

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathasattama

rathasattama - best of charioteers

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (ratha+sattama)

• ratha – chariot, charioteer
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective
  Superlative suffix -tama

युधामन्युः (yudhāmanyuḥ) - Yudhamanyu's (as in 'Yudhamanyu's chariot') (Yudhamanyu (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yudhāmanyu

yudhāmanyu - Yudhamanyu (name of a warrior, son of Drupada, an ally of the Pandavas)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tvar (to hasten) or possibly used as an adverb here

Root: tvar (class 1)

आरूरोह (ārūroha) - ascended, mounted, climbed upon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of āruh

perfect tense

3rd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada) with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - tormentor of foes, subjugator of enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, subjugator of enemies

Compound type : dvitiyā-tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• param – other, enemy, foe
  pronoun
• tapa – tormenting, afflicting
  adjective
  agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root tap (to torment, heat)
  Root: tap (class 1)