महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-52, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
स केशवस्य बीभत्सुः श्रुत्वा भारत भाषितम् ।
विशोकः संप्रहृष्टश्च क्षणेन समपद्यत ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
sa keśavasya bībhatsuḥ śrutvā bhārata bhāṣitam ,
viśokaḥ saṁprahṛṣṭaśca kṣaṇena samapadyata.

1. saṃjaya uvāca saḥ keśavasya bībhatsuḥ śrutvā bhārata
bhāṣitam viśokaḥ samprahr̥ṣṭaḥ ca kṣaṇena samapadyata

1. saṃjaya uvāca: bhārata,
केशवस्य भाषितम् श्रुत्वा,
सः बीभत्सुः च क्षणेन विशोकः संप्रहृष्टः समपद्यत

1. Sañjaya said: O descendant of Bharata (bhārata), having heard Keśava's words, Arjuna (bībhatsu) immediately became free from sorrow and greatly delighted.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (Sanjaya (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

• केशवस्य (keśavasya) - of Keśava (Krishna) (of Keśava, of Krishna)

• बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Arjuna (a name for Arjuna, meaning "one who abhors foul deeds") (Arjuna, disgusted, abhorrent)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (Dhritarashtra) (O descendant of Bharata, O Dhritarashtra)

• भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - words, speech (speech, spoken, words)

• विशोकः (viśokaḥ) - free from sorrow (free from sorrow, sorrowless)

• सम्प्रह्र्̥ष्टः (samprahr̥ṣṭaḥ) - greatly delighted (greatly delighted, exceedingly joyful)

• च (ca) - and

• क्षणेन (kṣaṇena) - in a moment, immediately (in a moment, instantly, quickly)

• समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became (became, happened, resulted)

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (Sanjaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (charioteer of Dhritarashtra)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (reduplicated form).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Often used to introduce direct speech.

सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

केशवस्य (keśavasya) - of Keśava (Krishna) (of Keśava, of Krishna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (an epithet of Krishna), having fine hair, slayer of the demon Keśī

Note: Possessive, "of Keśava".

बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Arjuna (a name for Arjuna, meaning "one who abhors foul deeds") (Arjuna, disgusted, abhorrent)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bībhatsu

bībhatsu - Arjuna (epithet meaning 'one who abhors foul deeds'), abhorrent, disgusting

Root: badh (class 1)

Note: Another name for Arjuna.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'śru' (to hear) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Refers to the action preceding the change in Arjuna's state.

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (Dhritarashtra) (O descendant of Bharata, O Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, a king of India (Dhritarashtra)

Derived from Bharata + aṇ (patronymic suffix).

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya.

भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - words, speech (speech, spoken, words)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, said, speech, words

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhāṣ' (to speak).

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

विशोकः (viśokaḥ) - free from sorrow (free from sorrow, sorrowless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśoka

viśoka - free from sorrow, sorrowless

Compound type : avyayībhāva (vi+śoka)

• vi – without, free from, apart
  indeclinable
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective describing Arjuna.

सम्प्रह्र्̥ष्टः (samprahr̥ṣṭaḥ) - greatly delighted (greatly delighted, exceedingly joyful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samprahr̥ṣṭa

samprahr̥ṣṭa - greatly delighted, exceedingly joyful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'hr̥ṣ' (to rejoice) with prefixes 'sam-' and 'pra-'.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: hr̥ṣ (class 4)

Note: Predicative adjective describing Arjuna.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'viśokaḥ' and 'samprahr̥ṣṭaḥ'.

क्षणेन (kṣaṇena) - in a moment, immediately (in a moment, instantly, quickly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - moment, instant, short time

Note: Adverbial usage.

समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became (became, happened, resulted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sampad

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice.

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Describes the change in Arjuna's state.