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7,72

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-72, verse-22

ते हया साध्वशोभन्त विमिश्रा वातरंहसः ।
पारावतसवर्णाश्च रक्तशोणाश्च संयुगे ।
हयाः शुशुभिरे राजन्मेघा इव सविद्युतः ॥२२॥
22. te hayā sādhvaśobhanta vimiśrā vātaraṁhasaḥ ,
pārāvatasavarṇāśca raktaśoṇāśca saṁyuge ,
hayāḥ śuśubhire rājanmeghā iva savidyutaḥ.
22. te hayāḥ sādhu aśobhanta vimiśrāḥ
vātarāṃhasaḥ pārāvatasavarṇāḥ ca
raktaśoṇāḥ ca saṃyuge hayāḥ
śuśubhire rājan meghāḥ iva savidyutaḥ
22. rājan te hayāḥ vimiśrāḥ vātarāṃhasaḥ
pārāvatasavarṇāḥ ca raktaśoṇāḥ
ca saṃyuge sādhu aśobhanta hayāḥ
savidyutaḥ meghāḥ iva śuśubhire
22. O King (rājan), those horses, mingled and swift as the wind (vātarāṃhasa), both dove-colored (pārāvatasavarṇa) and reddish-brown (raktaśoṇa), truly shone beautifully in the combat (saṃyuge). They glistened like clouds (megha) with lightning (savidyuta).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • ते (te) - those (horses) (those, they)
  • हयाः (hayāḥ) - the horses (of Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Droṇa) (horses)
  • साधु (sādhu) - beautifully, indeed well (well, properly, beautifully, indeed)
  • अशोभन्त (aśobhanta) - shone (beautifully) (shone, were beautiful)
  • विमिश्राः (vimiśrāḥ) - mixed (Dhṛṣṭadyumna's and Droṇa's horses) (mixed, mingled, blended)
  • वातरांहसः (vātarāṁhasaḥ) - swift as the wind (swift as wind, wind-speed)
  • पारावतसवर्णाः (pārāvatasavarṇāḥ) - dove-colored (referring to the color of some horses) (dove-colored, pigeon-colored)
  • (ca) - and (and, also)
  • रक्तशोणाः (raktaśoṇāḥ) - reddish-brown (referring to the color of some horses) (reddish-brown, deep red)
  • (ca) - and (and, also)
  • संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in the battle (in battle, in combat)
  • हयाः (hayāḥ) - those horses (referring back to the mixed horses) (horses)
  • शुशुभिरे (śuśubhire) - shone, glistened (like lightning-filled clouds) (shone, were beautiful, glistened)
  • राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)
  • मेघाः (meghāḥ) - (like) clouds (clouds)
  • इव (iva) - like, similar to (like, as, as if)
  • सविद्युतः (savidyutaḥ) - with lightning (describing clouds) (with lightning, accompanied by lightning)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (horses) (those, they)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those, he, she, it, they
हयाः (hayāḥ) - the horses (of Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Droṇa) (horses)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of haya
haya - horse, steed
From root hi (to go, move)
Root: hi (class 5)
साधु (sādhu) - beautifully, indeed well (well, properly, beautifully, indeed)
(indeclinable)
From root sādh (to accomplish)
Root: sādh (class 5)
Note: Used adverbially.
अशोभन्त (aśobhanta) - shone (beautifully) (shone, were beautiful)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of śubh
Imperfect (Laṅ-lakāra)
Root śubh (1st class, ātmanepada) with augment a for imperfect tense.
Root: śubh (class 1)
Note: The ending -anta signifies 3rd person plural ātmanepada in imperfect.
विमिश्राः (vimiśrāḥ) - mixed (Dhṛṣṭadyumna's and Droṇa's horses) (mixed, mingled, blended)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vimiśra
vimiśra - mixed, mingled, variegated
Past Passive Participle
vi (prefix) + root miśr (to mix) + kta (PPP suffix)
Prefix: vi
Root: miśr (class 10)
Note: Agrees with hayāḥ.
वातरांहसः (vātarāṁhasaḥ) - swift as the wind (swift as wind, wind-speed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vātarāṃhas
vātarāṁhas - wind-swift, swift as the wind
vāta (wind) + raṃhas (speed, velocity)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vāta+raṃhas)
  • vāta – wind, air, breeze
    noun (masculine)
  • raṃhas – speed, velocity, force
    noun (neuter)
Note: Agrees with hayāḥ.
पारावतसवर्णाः (pārāvatasavarṇāḥ) - dove-colored (referring to the color of some horses) (dove-colored, pigeon-colored)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pārāvatasavarṇa
pārāvatasavarṇa - dove-colored, pigeon-colored
pārāvata (pigeon, dove) + savarṇa (of the same color, similar in color)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pārāvata+savarṇa)
  • pārāvata – pigeon, dove
    noun (masculine)
  • savarṇa – of the same color, homogeneous, similar
    adjective (masculine)
    sa (with) + varṇa (color, class)
Note: Agrees with hayāḥ.
(ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
रक्तशोणाः (raktaśoṇāḥ) - reddish-brown (referring to the color of some horses) (reddish-brown, deep red)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of raktaśoṇa
raktaśoṇa - reddish, crimson, deep red
rakta (red) + śoṇa (red) - compound for intense red or reddish-brown.
Compound type : dvandva (rakta+śoṇa)
  • rakta – red, colored, dyed
    adjective (masculine)
    Past Passive Participle
    From root rañj (to color, dye)
    Root: rañj (class 1)
  • śoṇa – red, crimson
    adjective (masculine)
Note: Agrees with hayāḥ.
(ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in the battle (in battle, in combat)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga
saṁyuga - battle, war, combat, conflict
sam (together) + root yuj (to join)
Root: yuj (class 7)
हयाः (hayāḥ) - those horses (referring back to the mixed horses) (horses)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of haya
haya - horse, steed
From root hi (to go, move)
Root: hi (class 5)
Note: Repetition for emphasis.
शुशुभिरे (śuśubhire) - shone, glistened (like lightning-filled clouds) (shone, were beautiful, glistened)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of śubh
Perfect (Lit-lakāra)
Reduplicated perfect form of root śubh (1st class, ātmanepada).
Root: śubh (class 1)
राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
n-stem noun
Root: rāj (class 1)
मेघाः (meghāḥ) - (like) clouds (clouds)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of megha
megha - cloud
From root mih (to sprinkle, urinate)
Root: mih (class 1)
इव (iva) - like, similar to (like, as, as if)
(indeclinable)
सविद्युतः (savidyutaḥ) - with lightning (describing clouds) (with lightning, accompanied by lightning)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of savidyut
savidyut - accompanied by lightning, with lightning
sa (with) + vidyut (lightning)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+vidyut)
  • sa – with, accompanied by, together with
    indeclinable
  • vidyut – lightning, flash of lightning
    noun (feminine)