महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-72, verse-12

उत्थितान्यगणेयानि कबन्धानि समन्ततः ।
अदृश्यन्त महाराज तस्मिन्परमसंकुले ॥१२॥

12. utthitānyagaṇeyāni kabandhāni samantataḥ ,
adṛśyanta mahārāja tasminparamasaṁkule.

12. utthitāni agaṇeyāni kabandhāni samantataḥ
adṛśyanta mahārāja tasmin paramasaṃkule

12. mahārāja tasmin paramasaṃkule utthitāni
agaṇeyāni kabandhāni samantataḥ adṛśyanta

12. O great king (mahārāja), countless headless trunks (kabandha) arose and were seen everywhere in that extremely chaotic (paramasaṃkule) situation.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्थितानि (utthitāni) - risen (e.g., from the ground or in the air, depicting the horror of battle) (risen, stood up, emerged)

• अगणेयानि (agaṇeyāni) - countless, innumerable, not to be counted

• कबन्धानि (kabandhāni) - headless trunks of fallen warriors (kabandha) (headless trunks, bodiless forms)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, everywhere, on all sides

• अदृश्यन्त (adṛśyanta) - they were seen, they appeared

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhritarashtra, the recipient of the narration. (O great king)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (battle/situation) (in that, in him/it)

• परमसंकुले (paramasaṁkule) - in that extremely chaotic battle/situation (in the extremely chaotic, in the great confusion, in the very crowded (place))

Words meanings and morphology

उत्थितानि (utthitāni) - risen (e.g., from the ground or in the air, depicting the horror of battle) (risen, stood up, emerged)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, plural of utthita

utthita - risen, standing up, emerged, produced, originated

Past Passive Participle

from `ut-` + `sthā` (to stand)

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

अगणेयानि (agaṇeyāni) - countless, innumerable, not to be counted

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of agaṇeya

agaṇeya - innumerable, countless, not to be counted

Gerundive (passive future participle) + negative prefix

from `a-` (negative prefix) + `gaṇ` (to count) + `eya` (gerundive suffix)

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+gaṇeya)

• a – not, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• gaṇeya – to be counted, countable
  participle (masculine)
  Gerundive
  from root `gaṇ` (to count)
  Root: gaṇ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with `kabandhāni`.

कबन्धानि (kabandhāni) - headless trunks of fallen warriors (kabandha) (headless trunks, bodiless forms)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of kabandha

kabandha - headless trunk (of a body); a form without a head; a specific demon

Note: Main subject of `adṛśyanta`.

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, everywhere, on all sides

(indeclinable)

derived from `samanta` (all around) with suffix `tas`

अदृश्यन्त (adṛśyanta) - they were seen, they appeared

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, past imperfect (Laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect tense, third person plural (passive)

From root `dṛś` in passive voice (Atmanepada), with augment `a-` for imperfect tense.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhritarashtra, the recipient of the narration. (O great king)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Direct address.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (battle/situation) (in that, in him/it)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with `paramasaṃkule`.

परमसंकुले (paramasaṁkule) - in that extremely chaotic battle/situation (in the extremely chaotic, in the great confusion, in the very crowded (place))

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of paramasaṃkula

paramasaṁkula - extremely crowded, very chaotic, great confusion, a place of extreme crowding

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (parama+saṃkula)

• parama – supreme, highest, excellent, utmost
  adjective (masculine)
• saṃkula – crowded, confused, chaotic, filled with
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from `sam-` + `kul` (to collect, to be bewildered)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Location of the observation/action.