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7,72

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-72, verse-21

वर्तमाने तथा युद्धे निर्मर्यादे विशां पते ।
धृष्टद्युम्नो हयानश्वैर्द्रोणस्य व्यत्यमिश्रयत् ॥२१॥
21. vartamāne tathā yuddhe nirmaryāde viśāṁ pate ,
dhṛṣṭadyumno hayānaśvairdroṇasya vyatyamiśrayat.
21. vartamāne tathā yuddhe nirmaryāde viśām pate
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ hayān aśvaiḥ droṇasya vyatyamishrayat
21. viśām pate tathā vartamāne nirmaryāde yuddhe
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ droṇasya aśvaiḥ hayān vyatyamishrayat
21. O lord of subjects (viśām pate), as the battle thus raged without restraint (nirmaryāde), Dhṛṣṭadyumna intertwined his horses with Droṇa's horses.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - in the current, ongoing battle (in the present; while existing; in the current (battle))
  • तथा (tathā) - thus, in such a way (thus, so, in that manner)
  • युद्धे (yuddhe) - in the battle (in battle, in war)
  • निर्मर्यादे (nirmaryāde) - without any restraint, lawless (without restraint, lawless, unrestrained)
  • विशाम् (viśām) - of the subjects/people (of the people, of the subjects, of the inhabitants)
  • पते (pate) - O lord (addressing the king Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O lord, O master)
  • धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper name))
  • हयान् (hayān) - (his own) horses (horses (accusative plural))
  • अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - with (Droṇa's) horses (by/with horses)
  • द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Droṇa (the guru) (of Droṇa)
  • व्यत्यमिस्ह्रयत् (vyatyamishrayat) - mixed (his horses) with (Droṇa's horses) (mixed, intertwined, blended)

Words meanings and morphology

वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - in the current, ongoing battle (in the present; while existing; in the current (battle))
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of vartamāna
vartamāna - existing, present, current, being, living
Present Active Participle
From root vṛt (to turn, exist) + śānac (middle voice present participle suffix)
Root: vṛt (class 1)
Note: Agrees with yuddhe
तथा (tathā) - thus, in such a way (thus, so, in that manner)
(indeclinable)
युद्धे (yuddhe) - in the battle (in battle, in war)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha
yuddha - battle, fight, war
From root yudh (to fight)
Root: yudh (class 4)
निर्मर्यादे (nirmaryāde) - without any restraint, lawless (without restraint, lawless, unrestrained)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of nirmaryāda
nirmaryāda - without boundaries, without restraint, lawless, unlimited
nis (without) + maryādā (limit, boundary, restraint)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+maryādā)
  • nis – without, out, free from
    indeclinable
  • maryādā – limit, boundary, restraint, rule, propriety
    noun (feminine)
विशाम् (viśām) - of the subjects/people (of the people, of the subjects, of the inhabitants)
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, plural of viś
viś - people, subjects, community, clan
Root: viś (class 6)
पते (pate) - O lord (addressing the king Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O lord, O master)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of pati
pati - lord, master, husband, owner
धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper name))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna
dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (name of Drupada's son, commander of the Pāṇḍava army)
dhṛṣṭa (bold, daring) + dyumna (glory, splendor)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhṛṣṭa+dyumna)
  • dhṛṣṭa – bold, daring, impudent
    adjective (masculine)
    Past Passive Participle
    From root dhṛṣ (to dare, be bold)
    Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)
  • dyumna – glory, splendor, wealth
    noun (neuter)
हयान् (hayān) - (his own) horses (horses (accusative plural))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of haya
haya - horse, steed
From root hi (to go, move)
Root: hi (class 5)
अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - with (Droṇa's) horses (by/with horses)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva
aśva - horse, steed
द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Droṇa (the guru) (of Droṇa)
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of droṇa
droṇa - Droṇa (name of a famous guru and warrior)
व्यत्यमिस्ह्रयत् (vyatyamishrayat) - mixed (his horses) with (Droṇa's horses) (mixed, intertwined, blended)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of miśr
Imperfect (Laṅ-lakāra)
Root miśr (10th class, parasmaipada/ātmanepada) with prefixes vi and ati. vyati is the sandhi of vi + ati. The a prefix indicates imperfect tense.
Prefixes: vi+ati
Root: miśr (class 10)