महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-116, verse-3

अथैनं रथवंशेन सर्वतः संनिवार्य ते ।
अवाकिरञ्शरव्रातैः क्रुद्धाः परमधन्विनः ॥३॥

3. athainaṁ rathavaṁśena sarvataḥ saṁnivārya te ,
avākirañśaravrātaiḥ kruddhāḥ paramadhanvinaḥ.

3. atha enam rathavaṃśena sarvataḥ saṃnivārya te
avākiran śaravrātaiḥ kruddhāḥ paramadhanvinaḥ

3. atha te kruddhāḥ paramadhanvinaḥ rathavaṃśena
sarvataḥ enam saṃnivārya śaravrātaiḥ avākiran

3. Then, having surrounded him on all sides with their chariot formations, those enraged, great archers showered him with volleys of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereafter, now

• एनम् (enam) - him

• रथवंशेन (rathavaṁśena) - by the multitude of chariots, by the line of chariots, by the chariot formations

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, all around, entirely

• संनिवार्य (saṁnivārya) - having surrounded, having obstructed, having hindered

• ते (te) - they

• अवाकिरन् (avākiran) - they showered, they scattered, they covered

• शरव्रातैः (śaravrātaiḥ) - with showers of arrows, with multitudes of arrows

• क्रुद्धाः (kruddhāḥ) - enraged, angry

• परमधन्विनः (paramadhanvinaḥ) - great archers, supreme bowmen

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereafter, now

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

रथवंशेन (rathavaṁśena) - by the multitude of chariots, by the line of chariots, by the chariot formations

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rathavaṃśa

rathavaṁśa - line of chariots, multitude of chariots, chariot formation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+vaṃśa)

• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
• vaṃśa – bamboo, lineage, family, race, series, multitude, formation
  noun (masculine)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, all around, entirely

(indeclinable)

derived from 'sarva' (all) with the suffix 'tas'

संनिवार्य (saṁnivārya) - having surrounded, having obstructed, having hindered

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from the root 'vṛ' (to cover, encompass, restrain) with upasargas 'sam' and 'ni'.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

अवाकिरन् (avākiran) - they showered, they scattered, they covered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avakira

imperfect 3rd plural active

From root 'kṛ' (to scatter, pour) with upasarga 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)

शरव्रातैः (śaravrātaiḥ) - with showers of arrows, with multitudes of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaravrāta

śaravrāta - multitude of arrows, volley of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+vrāta)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• vrāta – multitude, collection, troop, flock
  noun (masculine)

क्रुद्धाः (kruddhāḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'krudh' (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

परमधन्विनः (paramadhanvinaḥ) - great archers, supreme bowmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paramadhanvin

paramadhanvin - great archer, excellent bowman

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+dhanvin)

• parama – highest, supreme, excellent, greatest
  adjective
• dhanvin – archer, bowman
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'dhanuṣ' (bow) with suffix '-in'.