महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-104, verse-9

संजय उवाच ।
तथा तु नर्दमानं तं भीमसेनं महारथम् ।
तुमुलेनैव शब्देन कर्णोऽप्यभ्यपतद्बली ॥९॥

9. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tathā tu nardamānaṁ taṁ bhīmasenaṁ mahāratham ,
tumulenaiva śabdena karṇo'pyabhyapatadbalī.

9. saṃjaya uvāca tathā tu nardamānaṃ taṃ bhīmasenaṃ
mahāratham tumulena eva śabdena karṇaḥ api abhyapatat balī

9. saṃjaya uvāca tu balī karṇaḥ tathā nardamānaṃ taṃ
mahārathaṃ bhīmasenaṃ tumulena eva śabdena api abhyapatat

9. Saṃjaya said: Then, the powerful Karṇa, with a tumultuous roar, indeed rushed towards that great chariot-warrior Bhīmasena, who was thus roaring.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Saṃjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, spoke)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner (referring to Bhīma's roaring) (thus, so, in that manner)

• तु (tu) - indeed, then, moreover (but, indeed, on the other hand, moreover)

• नर्दमानं (nardamānaṁ) - roaring, shouting (roaring, shouting, thundering)

• तं (taṁ) - that (Bhīmasena) (him, that)

• भीमसेनं (bhīmasenaṁ) - Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (accusative))

• महारथम् (mahāratham) - great chariot-warrior

• तुमुलेन (tumulena) - by a tumultuous, loud (by a tumultuous, by a loud, by a violent)

• एव (eva) - indeed, just (emphasizing the sound) (indeed, only, just, even)

• शब्देन (śabdena) - by a roar, by a shout (by sound, by word, by noise)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

• अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)

• अभ्यपतत् (abhyapatat) - he rushed towards, attacked (he rushed towards, he fell upon, he attacked)

• बली (balī) - powerful (powerful, strong)

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect (Lit)

Derived from √vac (to speak). Third person singular active.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Introduces Saṃjaya's speech.

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner (referring to Bhīma's roaring) (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'nardamānaṃ'.

तु (tu) - indeed, then, moreover (but, indeed, on the other hand, moreover)

(indeclinable)

नर्दमानं (nardamānaṁ) - roaring, shouting (roaring, shouting, thundering)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nardamāna

nardamāna - roaring, shouting, making noise

Present Middle Participle

Derived from √nṛd (to roar, shout) with the middle voice suffix -māna.

Root: nṛd (class 1)

Note: Describes Bhīmasena.

तं (taṁ) - that (Bhīmasena) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhīmasena.

भीमसेनं (bhīmasenaṁ) - Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava, another name for Bhīma)

Note: Object of 'abhyapatat'.

महारथम् (mahāratham) - great chariot-warrior

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot, great warrior, commander of many chariots

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ratha – chariot, warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'bhīmasenaṃ'.

तुमुलेन (tumulena) - by a tumultuous, loud (by a tumultuous, by a loud, by a violent)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, violent, great

Note: Used to describe the sound.

एव (eva) - indeed, just (emphasizing the sound) (indeed, only, just, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the word 'śabdena'.

शब्देन (śabdena) - by a roar, by a shout (by sound, by word, by noise)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise, voice

Note: Indicates the means by which Karṇa rushed forward.

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; Karṇa (name of a warrior, son of Sūrya and Kuntī)

Note: Subject of 'abhyapatat'.

अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes Karṇa's action, perhaps suggesting his immediate or notable response.

अभ्यपतत् (abhyapatat) - he rushed towards, attacked (he rushed towards, he fell upon, he attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyapat

Imperfect (Laṅ)

Derived from √pat (to fall, fly) with prefixes abhi- and ā-. Third person singular active.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: pat (class 1)

बली (balī) - powerful (powerful, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty

Derived from bala (strength) + -in suffix.