महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-89, verse-23

पिता पुत्रं न जानीते पुत्रो वा पितरं तथा ।
निर्मर्यादे तथा भूते वैशसे लोमहर्षणे ॥२३॥

23. pitā putraṁ na jānīte putro vā pitaraṁ tathā ,
nirmaryāde tathā bhūte vaiśase lomaharṣaṇe.

23. pitā putram na jānīte putraḥ vā pitaram tathā
nirmaryāde tathā bhūte vaiśase lomaharṣaṇe

23. nirmaryāde tathā bhūte lomaharṣaṇe vaiśase,
pitā putram na jānīte,
vā putraḥ tathā pitaram na jānīte.

23. A father did not recognize his son, nor did a son recognize his father, in that hair-raising, utterly destructive, and lawless state that had come about.

Words meanings summery:

• पिता (pitā) - father

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• न (na) - not

• जानीते (jānīte) - recognizes, knows

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• वा (vā) - or

• पितरम् (pitaram) - father

• तथा (tathā) - thus, similarly

• निर्मर्यादे (nirmaryāde) - without limits, lawless, devoid of boundaries

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in such a way, similarly

• भूते (bhūte) - having become, being in such a state

• वैशसे (vaiśase) - in the slaughter, in the massacre, in the calamity

• लोमहर्षणे (lomaharṣaṇe) - hair-raising, horrifying, terrible

Words meanings and morphology

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Nominative singular masculine of pitṛ.

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Accusative singular masculine of putra.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

जानीते (jānīte) - recognizes, knows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present (Laṭ), 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada)

From root jñā, class 9.

Root: jñā (class 9)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Nominative singular masculine of putra.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

पितरम् (pitaram) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Accusative singular masculine of pitṛ.

तथा (tathā) - thus, similarly

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

निर्मर्यादे (nirmaryāde) - without limits, lawless, devoid of boundaries

(adjective)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of nirmaryāda

nirmaryāda - without limits, lawless, unbridled, boundless

Bahuvrihi compound: nir (without) + maryādā (limit, boundary).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+maryādā)

• nis – without, out, away
  indeclinable
  Prefix/upasarga indicating absence.
• maryādā – limit, boundary, rule, decorum
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adjective describing the state of the battle.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in such a way, similarly

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

भूते (bhūte) - having become, being in such a state

(participle)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of bhūta

bhūta - become, been, existing, past, creature

Past Passive Participle

From root bhū (to be, become). Locative singular masculine/neuter.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute phrase.

वैशसे (vaiśase) - in the slaughter, in the massacre, in the calamity

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vaiśasa

vaiśasa - slaughter, massacre, calamity, destruction, danger

Locative singular neuter of vaiśasa.

Root: viś (class 6)

लोमहर्षणे (lomaharṣaṇe) - hair-raising, horrifying, terrible

(adjective)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of lomaharṣaṇa

lomaharṣaṇa - hair-raising, thrilling, horrifying

Compound: loman (hair) + harṣaṇa (causing thrill/erection). Locative singular masculine/neuter.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loman+harṣaṇa)

• loman – hair (on the body)
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing thrill, exciting, bristling
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  Agent noun / adjective from verbal root hṛṣ
  Derived from root hṛṣ (to bristle, thrill) with suffix -ana.
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)