महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-89, verse-20

हया गजैः समाजग्मुः पादाता रथिभिः सह ।
अन्योन्यं समरे राजन्प्रार्थयाना महद्यशः ॥२०॥

20. hayā gajaiḥ samājagmuḥ pādātā rathibhiḥ saha ,
anyonyaṁ samare rājanprārthayānā mahadyaśaḥ.

20. hayā gajaiḥ samājagmuḥ pādātā rathibhiḥ saha |
anyonyam samare rājan prārthayānā mahat yaśaḥ

20. rājan,
hayā gajaiḥ samājagmuḥ,
pādātā rathibhiḥ saha (samājagmuḥ).
(te sarve) samare anyonyam mahat yaśaḥ prārthayānāḥ (āsan)

20. O King, horses and horsemen clashed with elephants, and foot-soldiers with charioteers. In that battle, each side desired great glory.

Words meanings summery:

• हया (hayā) - horses (or horsemen) (horses, horsemen)

• गजैः (gajaiḥ) - with elephants (by elephants, with elephants)

• समाजग्मुः (samājagmuḥ) - they clashed, they came together (in battle) (they met, they came together, they fought)

• पादाता (pādātā) - foot-soldiers (foot-soldiers, infantry)

• रथिभिः (rathibhiḥ) - with charioteers (by charioteers, with charioteers)

• सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other (each other, mutually)

• समरे (samare) - in the battle (in battle, in combat)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)

• प्रार्थयाना (prārthayānā) - desiring, seeking

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - glory (fame, glory, renown)

Words meanings and morphology

हया (hayā) - horses (or horsemen) (horses, horsemen)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, cavalry

Root: hi (class 3)

Note: Subject.

गजैः (gajaiḥ) - with elephants (by elephants, with elephants)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

Root: gaj (class 1)

Note: Expresses accompaniment or means (clashing with).

समाजग्मुः (samājagmuḥ) - they clashed, they came together (in battle) (they met, they came together, they fought)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Active

Root 'gam' (to go) with 'sam' and 'ā' prefixes, perfect active 3rd plural.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

पादाता (pādātā) - foot-soldiers (foot-soldiers, infantry)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pādāta

pādāta - foot-soldier, infantry

Derived from 'pāda' (foot).

Note: Subject.

रथिभिः (rathibhiḥ) - with charioteers (by charioteers, with charioteers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

From 'ratha' (chariot) with suffix '-in'.

Note: Expresses accompaniment.

सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other (each other, mutually)

(pronoun)

Accusative of anyonya

anyonya - mutual, each other, one another

Compound. 'anya' (other) + 'anya' (other).

Compound type : Dvandva (anya+anya)

• anya – other, another
  pronoun
• anya – other, another
  pronoun

Note: Adverbial usage.

समरे (samare) - in the battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, conflict, war

From root 'mṛ' (to die) or 'mṛ' (to crush) with 'sam' and 'a' prefixes.

Prefixes: sam+a

Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Locative of place.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Root: rāj (class 1)

प्रार्थयाना (prārthayānā) - desiring, seeking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prārthayamāna

prārthayamāna - desiring, requesting, praying for

Present Middle Participle

From verb root 'arth' (to ask, to desire) with 'pra' prefix, present middle participle.

Prefix: pra

Root: arth (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'hayāḥ' and 'pādātāḥ'.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, supreme

Note: Agrees with 'yaśaḥ'.

यशः (yaśaḥ) - glory (fame, glory, renown)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, renown, splendor

Note: Object of 'prārthayānā'.