महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-83, verse-15

तं तु दृष्ट्वा महाव्यूहं तावकानां महारथः ।
युधिष्ठिरोऽब्रवीत्तूर्णं पार्षतं पृतनापतिम् ॥१५॥

15. taṁ tu dṛṣṭvā mahāvyūhaṁ tāvakānāṁ mahārathaḥ ,
yudhiṣṭhiro'bravīttūrṇaṁ pārṣataṁ pṛtanāpatim.

15. tam tu dṛṣṭvā mahāvyūham tāvakānām mahārathaḥ
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ abravīt tūrṇam pārṣatam pṛtanāpatim

15. tu mahārathaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ tāvakānām tam mahāvyūham
dṛṣṭvā tūrṇam pārṣatam pṛtanāpatim abravīt

15. But Yudhishthira, the great charioteer, having seen that great formation of your side, quickly spoke to Dhrishtadyumna (Pārṣata), the commander of the army.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having beheld

• महाव्यूहम् (mahāvyūham) - great formation, mighty battle array

• तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of the Kauravas (Duryodhana's army), as spoken by Sanjaya to Dhritarashtra (of your (people), of your side)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Yudhishthira, the great charioteer (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - to Parshata, to Dhrishtadyumna

• पृतनापतिम् (pṛtanāpatim) - Dhrishtadyumna, the commander of the Pandava army (commander of the army, general)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having beheld

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā from root √dṛś (1st class, Parasmaipada).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

महाव्यूहम् (mahāvyūham) - great formation, mighty battle array

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāvyūha

mahāvyūha - great formation, mighty array

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahant+vyūha)

• mahant – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine)
• vyūha – formation, array, disposition (of troops)
  noun (masculine)
  From vi + √ūh (to push, arrange).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of the Kauravas (Duryodhana's army), as spoken by Sanjaya to Dhritarashtra (of your (people), of your side)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you, of your party

Derived from tvā (you) with suffix -ka.

Note: Modifies mahāvyūham indirectly.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Yudhishthira, the great charioteer (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, warrior fighting from a great chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahant+ratha)

• mahant – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Yudhishthira.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name, 'steady in battle')

Compound of yudhi (in battle) + sthira (steady).

Note: Subject of abravīt.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root √brū (2nd class, Parasmaipada), with augment a-.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying abravīt.

पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - to Parshata, to Dhrishtadyumna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - descendant of Pṛṣata; Dhrishtadyumna (son of Drupada)

From Pṛṣat, with addition of -a (Pāṇini 4.1.92).

Note: Object of abravīt.

पृतनापतिम् (pṛtanāpatim) - Dhrishtadyumna, the commander of the Pandava army (commander of the army, general)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pṛtanāpati

pṛtanāpati - commander of an army, general

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (pṛtanā+pati)

• pṛtanā – army, host, battle
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, commander
  noun (masculine)

Note: In apposition to pārṣatam.