महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-83, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
परिणाम्य निशां तां तु सुखसुप्ता जनेश्वराः ।
कुरवः पाण्डवाश्चैव पुनर्युद्धाय निर्ययुः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
pariṇāmya niśāṁ tāṁ tu sukhasuptā janeśvarāḥ ,
kuravaḥ pāṇḍavāścaiva punaryuddhāya niryayuḥ.

1. sañjaya uvāca pariṇāmya niśām tām tu sukhasuptāḥ
janeśvarāḥ kuravaḥ pāṇḍavāḥ ca eva punaḥ yuddhāya niryayuḥ

1. sañjaya uvāca tām niśām pariṇāmya sukhasuptāḥ janeśvarāḥ
kuravaḥ ca pāṇḍavāḥ ca eva punaḥ yuddhāya niryayuḥ

1. Sañjaya said: Indeed, after that night had passed, the kings—both the Kurus and the Pandavas—having slept peacefully, once again set out for battle.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya, the charioteer and narrator to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Sañjaya (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• परिणाम्य (pariṇāmya) - having completed, having passed

• निशाम् (niśām) - night

• ताम् (tām) - that

• तु (tu) - Emphasizes the preceding action or state. (but, indeed, however)

• सुखसुप्ताः (sukhasuptāḥ) - Describing the kings who slept well during the night. (happily slept, having slept peacefully)

• जनेश्वराः (janeśvarāḥ) - Refers to both the Kurus and Pandavas as rulers. (rulers of men, kings)

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - The descendants of Kuru, specifically the Kauravas, but often used to refer to both Kauravas and Pandavas collectively in the Mahabharata. Here, used to distinguish from Pandavas. (the Kurus)

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - The sons of Pāṇḍu, specifically the five brothers Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna, Nakula, and Sahadeva. (the Pandavas)

• च (ca) - Joins Kurus and Pandavas. (and)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes that both groups (Kurus and Pandavas) were involved. (even, indeed, only, just)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - Signifies the resumption of battle. (again, anew)

• युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for war

• निर्ययुः (niryayuḥ) - set forth, went out

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya, the charioteer and narrator to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Sañjaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Irregular perfect form of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

परिणाम्य (pariṇāmya) - having completed, having passed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from prefix pari- + √nam

Prefix: pari

Root: nam (class 1)

निशाम् (niśām) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

ताम् (tām) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

तु (tu) - Emphasizes the preceding action or state. (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

सुखसुप्ताः (sukhasuptāḥ) - Describing the kings who slept well during the night. (happily slept, having slept peacefully)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sukhasupta

sukhasupta - slept happily/peacefully

Compound formed from sukha and supta (past passive participle of √svap)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sukha+supta)

• sukha – happiness, ease, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• supta – slept, asleep
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √svap (to sleep)
  Root: svap (class 2)

जनेश्वराः (janeśvarāḥ) - Refers to both the Kurus and Pandavas as rulers. (rulers of men, kings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of janeśvara

janeśvara - lord of men, king

Compound of jana (men) and īśvara (lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+īśvara)

• jana – people, men
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - The descendants of Kuru, specifically the Kauravas, but often used to refer to both Kauravas and Pandavas collectively in the Mahabharata. Here, used to distinguish from Pandavas. (the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - a member of the Kuru dynasty

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - The sons of Pāṇḍu, specifically the five brothers Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna, Nakula, and Sahadeva. (the Pandavas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

A patronymic from Pāṇḍu

च (ca) - Joins Kurus and Pandavas. (and)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes that both groups (Kurus and Pandavas) were involved. (even, indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - Signifies the resumption of battle. (again, anew)

(indeclinable)

युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for war

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle used as noun

Derived from √yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

निर्ययुः (niryayuḥ) - set forth, went out

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of nir-yā

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Form of √yā (to go) with prefix nir-

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)