महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-68, verse-26

ततः संधाय वै तीक्ष्णं शरं परमदारुणम् ।
वार्ष्णेयस्य रथाद्भीष्मः पातयामास सारथिम् ॥२६॥

26. tataḥ saṁdhāya vai tīkṣṇaṁ śaraṁ paramadāruṇam ,
vārṣṇeyasya rathādbhīṣmaḥ pātayāmāsa sārathim.

26. tataḥ saṃdhāya vai tīkṣṇam śaram paramadāruṇam
vārṣṇeyasya rathāt bhīṣmaḥ pātayāmāsa sārathim

26. tataḥ vai bhīṣmaḥ tīkṣṇam paramadāruṇam śaram
saṃdhāya vārṣṇeyasya rathāt sārathim pātayāmāsa

26. Then, Bhīṣma, indeed, fixing a sharp, exceedingly dreadful arrow, caused the charioteer to fall from Vārṣṇeya's chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• संधाय (saṁdhāya) - having fixed, having placed (on the string)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• तीक्ष्णम् (tīkṣṇam) - sharp, keen

• शरम् (śaram) - arrow (accusative)

• परमदारुणम् (paramadāruṇam) - exceedingly dreadful, most terrible

• वार्ष्णेयस्य (vārṣṇeyasya) - of Vārṣṇeya (Sātyaki)

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he made fall

• सारथिम् (sārathim) - charioteer (accusative)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

संधाय (saṁdhāya) - having fixed, having placed (on the string)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dhā (to place) with upasarga sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

तीक्ष्णम् (tīkṣṇam) - sharp, keen

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, pungent, strong

शरम् (śaram) - arrow (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, reed

परमदारुणम् (paramadāruṇam) - exceedingly dreadful, most terrible

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paramadāruṇa

paramadāruṇa - exceedingly dreadful, most terrible

Compound type : tatpurusha (parama+dāruṇa)

• parama – highest, supreme, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
• dāruṇa – dreadful, terrible, fierce
  adjective (masculine)

वार्ष्णेयस्य (vārṣṇeyasya) - of Vārṣṇeya (Sātyaki)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vārṣṇeya

vārṣṇeya - descendant of Vṛṣṇi, (epithet for Krishna, Sātyaki, etc.)

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name), dreadful, terrible

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he made fall

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pātayāmāsa

Causative Perfect (lit)

Periphrastic perfect form of the causative stem pātaya- (to cause to fall) from root pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

सारथिम् (sārathim) - charioteer (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver