महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-68, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
शिखण्डी सह मत्स्येन विराटेन विशां पते ।
भीष्ममाशु महेष्वासमाससाद सुदुर्जयम् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
śikhaṇḍī saha matsyena virāṭena viśāṁ pate ,
bhīṣmamāśu maheṣvāsamāsasāda sudurjayam.

1. sañjaya uvāca śikhaṇḍī saha matsyena virāṭena viśām
pate bhīṣmam āśu maheṣvāsam āsasāda sudurjayam

1. sañjaya uvāca: he viśām pate,
śikhaṇḍī matsyena virāṭena saha āśu sudurjayam maheṣvāsam bhīṣmam āsasāda.

1. Sañjaya said: O lord of the people, Shikhaṇḍī, accompanied by Matsya and Virāṭa, swiftly approached Bhīṣma, the great archer, who was very difficult to defeat.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Shikhaṇḍī (name of a warrior)

• सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

• मत्स्येन (matsyena) - Referring to King Virāṭa, who was the king of the Matsya kingdom. (by Matsya (the king of the Matsyas, i.e., Virāṭa))

• विराटेन (virāṭena) - by Virāṭa (name of a king)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects

• पते (pate) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O lord, O master)

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma (name of a warrior)

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

• महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - Describing Bhīṣma. (great archer)

• आससाद (āsasāda) - approached, reached

• सुदुर्जयम् (sudurjayam) - Describing Bhīṣma. (very difficult to conquer/defeat)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (proper name); victorious

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root vac conjugated in the perfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Shikhaṇḍī (name of a warrior)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Shikhaṇḍī (proper name); crested, plumed

सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the instrumental case.

मत्स्येन (matsyena) - Referring to King Virāṭa, who was the king of the Matsya kingdom. (by Matsya (the king of the Matsyas, i.e., Virāṭa))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of matsya

matsya - fish; name of a kingdom and its king (Virāṭa)

विराटेन (virāṭena) - by Virāṭa (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - Virāṭa (proper name of a king); vast, splendid

विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, community

पते (pate) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma (name of a warrior)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (proper name); terrible, formidable

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - Describing Bhīṣma. (great archer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great bowman, great archer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bowman, archer (one who draws a bow)
  noun (masculine)

आससाद (āsasāda) - approached, reached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of āsad

Perfect Active

Root sad with prefix ā conjugated in the perfect tense.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

सुदुर्जयम् (sudurjayam) - Describing Bhīṣma. (very difficult to conquer/defeat)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sudurjaya

sudurjaya - very difficult to conquer or overcome

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+durjaya)

• su – very, easily, well
  indeclinable
• durjaya – difficult to conquer, invincible
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root ji (to conquer) with prefix dur and ya suffix.
  Prefix: dur
  Root: ji (class 1)