महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-65, verse-9

शीर्षं तस्याभवद्वीरः सात्यकिः सत्यविक्रमः ।
विधुन्वन्गाण्डिवं पार्थो ग्रीवायामभवत्तदा ॥९॥

9. śīrṣaṁ tasyābhavadvīraḥ sātyakiḥ satyavikramaḥ ,
vidhunvangāṇḍivaṁ pārtho grīvāyāmabhavattadā.

9. śīrṣam tasya abhavat vīraḥ sātyakiḥ satyavikramaḥ
vidhunvan gāṇḍīvam pārthaḥ grīvāyām abhavat tadā

9. tasya śīrṣam satyavikramaḥ vīraḥ sātyakiḥ abhavat.
tadā gāṇḍīvam vidhunvan pārthaḥ grīvāyām abhavat.

9. The head (śīrṣam) of that (formation) was the hero Sātyaki, whose valor (vikrama) was true. Then, wielding his Gaṇḍīva bow, Arjuna (pārtha) was in its neck (grīvāyām).

Words meanings summery:

• शीर्षम् (śīrṣam) - the head (of the formation) (head, top, summit)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (formation) (of it, of that)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - was, became

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave man, warrior

• सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki

• सत्यविक्रमः (satyavikramaḥ) - of true valor, whose valor is truth

• विधुन्वन् (vidhunvan) - waving (his bow) (waving, shaking, brandishing)

• गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - Gaṇḍīva (bow)

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Pṛthā/Kuntī

• ग्रीवायाम् (grīvāyām) - in the neck (of the formation) (in the neck)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - was, became

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

शीर्षम् (śīrṣam) - the head (of the formation) (head, top, summit)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śīrṣa

śīrṣa - head, top, summit, chief part

तस्य (tasya) - of that (formation) (of it, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those, this, these

अभवत् (abhavat) - was, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect

3rd person singular, active voice, past imperfect tense.

Root: bhū (class 1)

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave man, warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior, valiant

सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Sātyaki (name of a Vṛṣṇi warrior, Kṛṣṇa's charioteer)

Patronymic from Satyak.

सत्यविक्रमः (satyavikramaḥ) - of true valor, whose valor is truth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavikrama

satyavikrama - of true valor, whose valor is truth, truly mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+vikrama)

• satya – truth, true, real, actual
  noun (neuter)
• vikrama – valor, courage, power, stride
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from vi-kram (to step, stride, be valiant).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

विधुन्वन् (vidhunvan) - waving (his bow) (waving, shaking, brandishing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhunvat

vidhunvat - waving, shaking, brandishing

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root dhū (to shake) with the prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhū (class 5)

गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - Gaṇḍīva (bow)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gāṇḍīva

gāṇḍīva - Gaṇḍīva (the name of Arjuna's famous bow)

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Pṛthā/Kuntī

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (an epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīmasena, and Arjuna)

Patronymic from Pṛthā (Kuntī).

ग्रीवायाम् (grīvāyām) - in the neck (of the formation) (in the neck)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of grīvā

grīvā - neck, nape of the neck

अभवत् (abhavat) - was, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect

3rd person singular, active voice, past imperfect tense.

Root: bhū (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)