महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-65, verse-28

शिखण्डिनं समासाद्य भरतानां पितामहः ।
अवर्जयत संग्रामे स्त्रीत्वं तस्यानुसंस्मरन् ॥२८॥

28. śikhaṇḍinaṁ samāsādya bharatānāṁ pitāmahaḥ ,
avarjayata saṁgrāme strītvaṁ tasyānusaṁsmaran.

28. śikhaṇḍinam samāsādya bharatānām pitāmahaḥ
avarjayata saṅgrāme strītvaṃ tasya anusaṃsmaran

28. bharatānām pitāmahaḥ śikhaṇḍinam samāsādya
tasya strītvaṃ anusaṃsmaran saṅgrāme avarjayata

28. The grandfather of the Bharatas (Bhishma), having approached Shikhandin, avoided him in battle, remembering his (Shikhandin's) womanhood.

Words meanings summery:

• शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Shikhandin

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached, having approached

• भरतानाम् (bharatānām) - of the Bharatas

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - the grandfather (Bhishma) (the grandfather)

• अवर्जयत (avarjayata) - he avoided, he turned away from

• सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle, in combat

• स्त्रीत्वं (strītvaṁ) - womanhood, feminine nature

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• अनुसंस्मरन् (anusaṁsmaran) - remembering, recollecting

Words meanings and morphology

शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Shikhandin

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Shikhandin (name of a warrior in the Mahabharata)

From śikhaṇḍa (crest, tuft) + -in (possessive suffix).

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached, having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from prefix sam- + ā- + root sad (to sit, approach) + suffix -ya.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

भरतानाम् (bharatānām) - of the Bharatas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bharata

bharata - descendant of Bharata, a Bharata (a clan/dynasty)

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - the grandfather (Bhishma) (the grandfather)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, progenitor, Brahma

Compound of pitṛ (father) and maha (great).

अवर्जयत (avarjayata) - he avoided, he turned away from

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of avarjayata

Imperfect (Laṅ)

3rd person singular, middle voice, causative stem (varjaya) from root vṛj, with prefix ava-.

Prefix: ava

Root: vṛj (class 10)

सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṅgrāma

saṅgrāma - battle, war, combat

From sam- + √grah (to seize, encounter).

स्त्रीत्वं (strītvaṁ) - womanhood, feminine nature

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of strītva

strītva - womanhood, femininity, female nature

From strī (woman) + -tva (suffix for abstract noun).

Note: Object of 'anusaṃsmaran'.

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'tad'.

अनुसंस्मरन् (anusaṁsmaran) - remembering, recollecting

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anusaṃsmarat

√smṛ - to remember, recollect

Present Active Participle

From root smṛ (to remember) with prefixes anu- and sam-.

Prefixes: anu+sam

Root: smṛ (class 1)