महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-65, verse-21

सात्यकिस्तु तदा द्रोणं वारयामास भारत ।
ततः प्रववृते युद्धं तुमुलं लोमहर्षणम् ॥२१॥

21. sātyakistu tadā droṇaṁ vārayāmāsa bhārata ,
tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ tumulaṁ lomaharṣaṇam.

21. sātyakiḥ tu tadā droṇam vārayāmāsa bhārata
tataḥ pravavṛte yuddham tumulam lomaharṣaṇam

21. bhārata,
tadā sātyakiḥ tu droṇam vārayāmāsa.
tataḥ tumulam lomaharṣaṇam yuddham pravavṛte

21. But then, O Bhārata, Sātyaki restrained Droṇa. Thereupon, a tumultuous and hair-raising battle ensued.

Words meanings summery:

• सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa, the preceptor of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas (Droṇa)

• वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - he restrained, he warded off, he prevented

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

• प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - it began, it ensued, it proceeded

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

• तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, fierce, violent

• लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, horrifying, thrilling

Words meanings and morphology

सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Sātyaki (name of a Yādava warrior, also known as Śaineya)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa, the preceptor of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas (Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a famous warrior and preceptor in the Mahābhārata); a wooden vessel, a measure of capacity

वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - he restrained, he warded off, he prevented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vārayāmāsa

Causative, Perfect Tense

Periphrastic perfect of causative of root 'vṛ' (to choose, cover)

Root: vṛ (class 10)

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; related to Bharata; India

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - it began, it ensued, it proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of pravavṛte

Perfect tense (lit) of root 'vṛt' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war, combat

past passive participle

From root 'yudh' (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, fierce, violent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, violent, fierce, agitated

लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, horrifying, thrilling

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lomaharṣaṇa

lomaharṣaṇa - causing the hair to stand on end, thrilling, horrifying

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (loman+harṣaṇa)

• loman – hair (on the body), down, wool
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing joy or delight; causing bristling (of hair), thrilling
  adjective (neuter)
  agent noun/causative participle
  From causative of root 'hṛṣ' (to thrill, be excited)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)