महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-3, verse-43

एतच्छ्रुत्वा भवानत्र प्राप्तकालं व्यवस्यताम् ।
यथा लोकः समुच्छेदं नायं गच्छेत भारत ॥४३॥

43. etacchrutvā bhavānatra prāptakālaṁ vyavasyatām ,
yathā lokaḥ samucchedaṁ nāyaṁ gaccheta bhārata.

43. etat śrutvā bhavān atra prāptakālam vyavasyatām
yathā lokaḥ samucchedam na ayam gaccheta bhārata

43. bhārata etat śrutvā bhavān atra prāptakālam
vyavasyatām yathā ayam lokaḥ samucchedam na gaccheta

43. O Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), having heard this, you should determine what is timely in this matter, so that these people do not reach utter destruction.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this, that

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful), sir

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

• प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - opportune, suitable for the time, what is timely

• व्यवस्यताम् (vyavasyatām) - let him determine, let him resolve, should be determined

• यथा (yathā) - so that, in order that, as

• लोकः (lokaḥ) - these people (world, people, folk)

• समुच्छेदम् (samucchedam) - utter destruction, complete severance

• न (na) - not

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• गच्छेत (gaccheta) - should go, should reach

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (descendant of Bharata) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etat

etat - this, that

Note: Also nominative singular neuter. Here functions as object of `śrutvā`.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root śru + suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful), sir

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful), being, existing

present active participle

from root bhū, used as a respectful second-person pronoun

Root: bhū (class 1)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - opportune, suitable for the time, what is timely

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāptakāla

prāptakāla - timely, seasonable, what has arrived in time

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāpta+kāla)

• prāpta – obtained, arrived, reached
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from pra-āp
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• kāla – time, season
  noun (masculine)

Note: Can be interpreted as an adverbial accusative: 'timely' or 'what is timely'.

व्यवस्यताम् (vyavasyatām) - let him determine, let him resolve, should be determined

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vyavasya

3rd person singular imperative (loṭ)

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: so (class 4)

यथा (yathā) - so that, in order that, as

(indeclinable)

लोकः (lokaḥ) - these people (world, people, folk)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, region

Note: Subject of `gaccheta`.

समुच्छेदम् (samucchedam) - utter destruction, complete severance

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samuccheda

samuccheda - complete destruction, total cutting off

from sam-ut-chid

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Object of `gaccheta`.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb `gaccheta`.

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to `lokaḥ`.

गच्छेत (gaccheta) - should go, should reach

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of gam

optative

3rd person singular optative (vidhi-liṅ)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose or potential.

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (descendant of Bharata) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata