महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-162, verse-3

स चापरिमितप्रज्ञस्तच्छ्रुत्वा पार्थभाषितम् ।
किमुक्तवान्महेष्वासो भीष्मः प्रहरतां वरः ॥३॥

3. sa cāparimitaprajñastacchrutvā pārthabhāṣitam ,
kimuktavānmaheṣvāso bhīṣmaḥ praharatāṁ varaḥ.

3. saḥ ca aparimitaprajñaḥ tat śrutvā pārthabhāṣitam
| kim uktavān maheṣvāsaḥ bhīṣmaḥ praharatām varaḥ

3. ca saḥ aparimitaprajñaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ praharatām
varaḥ bhīṣmaḥ tat pārthabhāṣitam śrutvā kim uktavān

3. And Bhishma, who possesses immeasurable wisdom (prajñā), the great archer and foremost among warriors, having heard those words spoken by Arjuna (Pārtha), what did he say?

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपरिमितप्रज्ञः (aparimitaprajñaḥ) - of immeasurable wisdom, possessing infinite knowledge

• तत् (tat) - those words (that, those)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• पार्थभाषितम् (pārthabhāṣitam) - words spoken by Arjuna, Arjuna's speech

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• उक्तवान् (uktavān) - he said, having said

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - a great archer, mighty bowman

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (name of the Kaurava general)

• प्रहरताम् (praharatām) - of those who strike, of warriors, among assailants

• वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent, superior

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to Bhishma.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपरिमितप्रज्ञः (aparimitaprajñaḥ) - of immeasurable wisdom, possessing infinite knowledge

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aparimitaprajña

aparimitaprajña - of immeasurable wisdom, possessing infinite knowledge

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aparimita+prajñā)

• aparimita – immeasurable, boundless, infinite
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Negative prefix a- + root √mā (to measure) with prefix pari-
  Prefixes: a+pari
  Root: mā (class 3)
• prajñā – wisdom, knowledge, intelligence, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  From root √jñā (to know) with prefix pra-
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies Bhishma.

तत् (tat) - those words (that, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to Arjuna's speech ('pārthabhāṣitam').

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

पार्थभाषितम् (pārthabhāṣitam) - words spoken by Arjuna, Arjuna's speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pārthabhāṣita

pārthabhāṣita - words spoken by Pārtha (Arjuna)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārtha+bhāṣita)

• pārtha – Arjuna, son of Pṛthā
  proper noun (masculine)
• bhāṣita – spoken, said, speech, word
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √bhāṣ (to speak)
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

किम् (kim) - what, why

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an interrogative adverb meaning 'what' or 'how'.

उक्तवान् (uktavān) - he said, having said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uktavat

uktavat - having spoken, one who has spoken

Perfect Active Participle

From root √vac (to speak) with suffix -tavat

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Functions predicatively as a finite verb.

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - a great archer, mighty bowman

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - a great archer, mighty bowman

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of mahant
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman (literally, arrow-thrower)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies Bhishma.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (name of the Kaurava general)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name), formidable, terrible

प्रहरताम् (praharatām) - of those who strike, of warriors, among assailants

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of praharat

praharat - striking, smiting, assailant, warrior

Present Active Participle

From root √hṛ (to seize, carry) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Used here substantively, 'among those who strike'.

वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent, superior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest, boon, bridegroom

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies Bhishma, 'best of warriors'.