महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-162, verse-1

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
प्रतिज्ञाते फल्गुनेन वधे भीष्मस्य संजय ।
किमकुर्वन्त मे मन्दाः पुत्रा दुर्योधनादयः ॥१॥

1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
pratijñāte phalgunena vadhe bhīṣmasya saṁjaya ,
kimakurvanta me mandāḥ putrā duryodhanādayaḥ.

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca | pratijñāte phalgunena vadhe bhīṣmasya
saṃjaya | kim akurvanta me mandāḥ putrāḥ duryodhanādayaḥ

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca saṃjaya phalgunena bhīṣmasya vadhe
pratijñāte me mandāḥ duryodhanādayaḥ putrāḥ kim akurvanta

1. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: "O Saṃjaya, when Arjuna had vowed to slay Bhishma, what did my dull-witted sons, Duryodhana and the others, do then?"

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• प्रतिज्ञाते (pratijñāte) - when it was vowed, when it was promised

• फल्गुनेन (phalgunena) - by Arjuna

• वधे (vadhe) - in the killing, in the slaying

• भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they did, they made

• मे (me) - my, to me

• मन्दाः (mandāḥ) - foolish, dull-witted, slow

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• दुर्योधनादयः (duryodhanādayaḥ) - Duryodhana and others, beginning with Duryodhana

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name), one who upholds the kingdom

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, maintained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √dhṛ (to hold, bear)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, nation, country
  noun (neuter)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

Perfect 3rd singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रतिज्ञाते (pratijñāte) - when it was vowed, when it was promised

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of pratijñāta

pratijñāta - vowed, promised, acknowledged, agreed upon

Past Passive Participle

From root √jñā (to know) with prefix prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Used in an absolute locative construction, meaning 'when (it was) vowed'.

फल्गुनेन (phalgunena) - by Arjuna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Arjuna (one of the Pandava brothers)

वधे (vadhe) - in the killing, in the slaying

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, murder, striking

From root √vadh (to strike, kill)

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Part of the absolute locative construction 'pratijñāte ... vadhe'.

भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name), formidable, terrible

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (proper name), victory, triumphant

किम् (kim) - what, why

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an interrogative adverb meaning 'what' or 'how'.

अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they did, they made

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd plural active

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

First person pronoun

Note: Enclitic form of the first person pronoun, meaning 'my' or 'to me'.

मन्दाः (mandāḥ) - foolish, dull-witted, slow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manda

manda - slow, dull, foolish, weak, feeble

Note: Modifies 'putrāḥ'.

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

दुर्योधनादयः (duryodhanādayaḥ) - Duryodhana and others, beginning with Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of duryodhanādi

duryodhanādi - Duryodhana and others

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+ādi)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (proper name, eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, et cetera, and others
  noun (masculine)