महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-129, verse-32

आमन्त्र्य प्रस्थितं शौरिं रथस्थं पुरुषर्षभम् ।
अनुजग्मुर्महेष्वासाः प्रवीरा भरतर्षभाः ॥३२॥

32. āmantrya prasthitaṁ śauriṁ rathasthaṁ puruṣarṣabham ,
anujagmurmaheṣvāsāḥ pravīrā bharatarṣabhāḥ.

32. āmantrya prasthitam śaurim rathastham puruṣarṣabham
anujagmuḥ maheṣvāsāḥ pravīrāḥ bharatarṣabhāḥ

32. maheṣvāsāḥ pravīrāḥ bharatarṣabhāḥ prasthitam
rathastham puruṣarṣabham śaurim āmantrya anujagmuḥ

32. Having bid farewell to Shauri, that best of men (puruṣa) who was mounted on his chariot and had set forth, the great archers, eminent heroes, and best of the Bharatas followed him.

Words meanings summery:

• आमन्त्र्य (āmantrya) - having bid farewell (having invited, having addressed, having bid farewell)

• प्रस्थितम् (prasthitam) - who had set forth (departed, set forth, proceeded)

• शौरिम् (śaurim) - Shauri (Krishna)

• रथस्थम् (rathastham) - who was mounted on his chariot (standing on a chariot, mounted on a chariot)

• पुरुषर्षभम् (puruṣarṣabham) - best of men (puruṣa) (best of men, bull among men)

• अनुजग्मुः (anujagmuḥ) - followed (they followed)

• महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers (great archers, those with great bows)

• प्रवीराः (pravīrāḥ) - eminent heroes (eminent heroes, great warriors)

• भरतर्षभाः (bharatarṣabhāḥ) - best of the Bharatas (best of the Bharatas, bulls among Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

आमन्त्र्य (āmantrya) - having bid farewell (having invited, having addressed, having bid farewell)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with prefix 'ā' and suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: ā

Root: mantr (class 10)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

प्रस्थितम् (prasthitam) - who had set forth (departed, set forth, proceeded)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prasthita

prasthita - standing, situated, firm, departed, set forth

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' with prefix 'pra'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pra+sthita)

• pra – forth, forward, very
  indeclinable
  Preverb
• sthita – standing, located, firm
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'śaurim'.

शौरिम् (śaurim) - Shauri (Krishna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śauri

śauri - descendant of Śūra (a name for Krishna)

Note: Object of āmantrya.

रथस्थम् (rathastham) - who was mounted on his chariot (standing on a chariot, mounted on a chariot)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathastha

rathastha - standing in a chariot, charioteer

Compound of 'ratha' (chariot) and 'stha' (standing).

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated, being in
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand) + -a suffix.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'śaurim'.

पुरुषर्षभम् (puruṣarṣabham) - best of men (puruṣa) (best of men, bull among men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - excellent man, best of men, bull among men

Compound of 'puruṣa' (man) and 'ṛṣabha' (bull, best).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'śaurim'.

अनुजग्मुः (anujagmuḥ) - followed (they followed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect Active

Third person plural, perfect tense, active voice. Formed with prefix 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'maheṣvāsāḥ pravīrāḥ bharatarṣabhāḥ'.

महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers (great archers, those with great bows)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - possessing a great bow, a great archer

Bahuvrihi compound 'mahā' (great) + 'iṣu' (arrow) + 'āsa' (bow) or 'mahā' (great) + 'iṣvāsa' (bow-and-arrow).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• iṣvāsa – bow and arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'iṣu' (arrow) and 'āsa' (bow).

Note: Subject of 'anujagmuḥ'.

प्रवीराः (pravīrāḥ) - eminent heroes (eminent heroes, great warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pravīra

pravīra - excellent hero, eminent warrior

Compound of 'pra' (excellent) and 'vīra' (hero).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pra+vīra)

• pra – excellent, very, forward
  indeclinable
  Prefix for intensification
• vīra – hero, warrior, valiant
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'maheṣvāsāḥ'.

भरतर्षभाः (bharatarṣabhāḥ) - best of the Bharatas (best of the Bharatas, bulls among Bharatas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of the Bharatas (a royal lineage), excellent Bharata

Compound of 'bharata' (descendant of Bharata) and 'ṛṣabha' (bull, best).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata (a legendary king), an Indian
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'maheṣvāsāḥ'.