महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-129, verse-24

उपस्थितरथं शौरिं प्रयास्यन्तमरिंदमम् ।
धृतराष्ट्रो महाराजः पुनरेवाभ्यभाषत ॥२४॥

24. upasthitarathaṁ śauriṁ prayāsyantamariṁdamam ,
dhṛtarāṣṭro mahārājaḥ punarevābhyabhāṣata.

24. upasthitaratham śaurim prayāsyantam ariṃdamam
dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ mahārājaḥ punar eva abhyabhāṣata

24. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ mahārājaḥ punar eva upasthitaratham
prayāsyantam ariṃdamam śaurim abhyabhāṣata

24. Then, King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ), the great monarch, spoke again to Śauri (śauriṃ), the subduer of enemies, who was ready to depart in his chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• उपस्थितरथम् (upasthitaratham) - one whose chariot is ready, one with a prepared chariot

• शौरिम् (śaurim) - Śauri (a name for Krishna)

• प्रयास्यन्तम् (prayāsyantam) - who was about to depart, intending to go forth

• अरिंदमम् (ariṁdamam) - subduer of enemies, enemy-destroyer

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (a proper name)

• महाराजः (mahārājaḥ) - great king, emperor, monarch

• पुनर् (punar) - again, once more, back

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

Words meanings and morphology

उपस्थितरथम् (upasthitaratham) - one whose chariot is ready, one with a prepared chariot

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upasthitaratha

upasthitaratha - having a chariot ready, one whose chariot is standing by

Compound type : bahuvrihi (upasthita+ratha)

• upasthita – ready, present, standing near, prepared
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from prefix 'upa' and root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)

शौरिम् (śaurim) - Śauri (a name for Krishna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śauri

śauri - Śauri, a patronymic of Krishna (son of Śūra)

Patronymic of Śūra

प्रयास्यन्तम् (prayāsyantam) - who was about to depart, intending to go forth

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prayāsyat

prayāsyat - about to depart, intending to go forth, wishing to go

Future Active Participle

Formed from prefix 'pra' and root 'yā' (to go) with future suffix 'sya' and present participle ending.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

अरिंदमम् (ariṁdamam) - subduer of enemies, enemy-destroyer

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies, enemy-destroyer

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (ari+dam)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dam – tame, subdue, restrain
  verb (root)
  Agent noun from root
  Root: dam (class 4)

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name, 'one whose kingdom is held/sustained')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, supported, maintained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root 'dhṛ' (to hold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, country, realm
  noun (neuter)

महाराजः (mahārājaḥ) - great king, emperor, monarch

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor, monarch

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

पुनर् (punar) - again, once more, back

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyabhāṣata

Imperfect Middle

3rd person singular, Imperfect Tense, Middle voice. Formed from prefix 'abhi' and root 'bhāṣ' (to speak).

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)