महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-129, verse-31

वदत्यनीशमात्मानं धृतराष्ट्रो महीपतिः ।
आपृच्छे भवतः सर्वान्गमिष्यामि युधिष्ठिरम् ॥३१॥

31. vadatyanīśamātmānaṁ dhṛtarāṣṭro mahīpatiḥ ,
āpṛcche bhavataḥ sarvāngamiṣyāmi yudhiṣṭhiram.

31. vadati anīśam ātmānam dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ mahīpatiḥ
āpṛcche bhavataḥ sarvān gamiṣyāmi Yudhiṣṭhiram

31. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ mahīpatiḥ ātmānam anīśam vadati
āpṛcche bhavataḥ sarvān gamiṣyāmi Yudhiṣṭhiram

31. King Dhritarashtra declares himself helpless (ātman). I bid farewell to all of you, for I will go to Yudhishthira.

Words meanings summery:

• वदति (vadati) - declares (speaks, says, declares)

• अनीशम् (anīśam) - helpless (powerless, helpless, not master)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self (ātman) (self, soul, essence)

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

• महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king (king, lord of the earth)

• आपृच्छे (āpṛcche) - I bid farewell (I take leave, I bid farewell, I ask permission)

• भवतः (bhavataḥ) - of you (plural, accusative used with āpṛcch) (of you, to you, from you (respectful plural))

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (of you) (all, whole)

• गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will go

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - to Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira)

Words meanings and morphology

वदति (vadati) - declares (speaks, says, declares)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vad

Present Active

Third person singular, present tense, active voice.

Root: vad (class 1)

अनीशम् (anīśam) - helpless (powerless, helpless, not master)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anīśa

anīśa - powerless, helpless, not master, not lord

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'īśa' (master).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+īśa)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• īśa – master, lord, powerful
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'ātmānam'.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self (ātman) (self, soul, essence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, body, mind

Note: Object of 'vadati'.

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (name of the blind king, father of the Kauravas)

Note: Subject of 'vadati'.

महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king (king, lord of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, ruler of the earth, lord of the land

Compound of 'mahī' (earth) and 'pati' (lord).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'Dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ'.

आपृच्छे (āpṛcche) - I bid farewell (I take leave, I bid farewell, I ask permission)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prach

Present Middle

First person singular, present tense, middle voice. Formed with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Implied subject is 'I'.

भवतः (bhavataḥ) - of you (plural, accusative used with āpṛcch) (of you, to you, from you (respectful plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful term), your honor

Present Active Participle (of bhū, to be)

Used as a respectful pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of āpṛcche.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (of you) (all, whole)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Qualifies 'bhavataḥ'.

गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will go

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of gam

Future Active

First person singular, future tense, active voice.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Implied subject is 'I'.

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - to Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (eldest Pandava, steady in battle)

Compound of 'yudhi' (in battle) and 'sthira' (steady).

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable (feminine)
  Locative singular of 'yudh' (battle), used adverbially in compound.
• sthira – steady, firm, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of 'gamiṣyāmi', indicating destination.