महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-20, verse-29

पश्यतो धर्मराजस्य कीचको मां पदावधीत् ।
तव चैव समक्षं वै भीमसेन महाबल ॥२९॥

29. paśyato dharmarājasya kīcako māṁ padāvadhīt ,
tava caiva samakṣaṁ vai bhīmasena mahābala.

29. paśyataḥ dharmarājasya kīcakaḥ mām padā avadhīt
tava ca eva samakṣam vai bhīmasena mahābala

29. Even while King Yudhiṣṭhira, the upholder of natural law (dharma), was watching, Kīcaka kicked me. And indeed, O mighty Bhīmasena, it happened right before your very eyes.

Words meanings summery:

• पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while he (King Yudhiṣṭhira) was seeing/watching (of the seeing one, of him who sees, while seeing)

• धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of King Yudhiṣṭhira, the upholder of natural law (dharma) (of the king of natural law, of the king of righteousness)

• कीचकः (kīcakaḥ) - Kīcaka (proper name)

• माम् (mām) - me (Draupadī, the speaker) (me)

• पदा (padā) - with his foot (implying 'kicked') (with the foot, by means of the foot)

• अवधीत् (avadhīt) - he kicked (struck with his foot) (he struck, he killed, he hit)

• तव (tava) - of you (Bhīmasena) (your, of you)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing 'before your very eyes') (indeed, only, certainly)

• समक्षम् (samakṣam) - right before your very eyes (in front of, before the eyes, visibly)

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, certainly)

• भीमसेन (bhīmasena) - O Bhīmasena

• महाबल (mahābala) - O mighty one (an epithet for Bhīmasena) (O mighty one, O powerful one)

Words meanings and morphology

पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while he (King Yudhiṣṭhira) was seeing/watching (of the seeing one, of him who sees, while seeing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, watching, perceiving

Present Active Participle

Derived from root `dṛś` (to see) through the `paśya` stem with the `śatṛ` suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'dharmarājasya'.

धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of King Yudhiṣṭhira, the upholder of natural law (dharma) (of the king of natural law, of the king of righteousness)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness/justice, upholder of natural law, a name for Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound noun.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, constitution, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  From root `dhṛ` (to hold, support, sustain).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  From root `rāj` (to rule, shine).
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Refers to King Yudhiṣṭhira.

कीचकः (kīcakaḥ) - Kīcaka (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīcaka

kīcaka - Kīcaka (name of a character in the Mahābhārata, the commander of King Virāṭa's army)

Note: Subject of the action 'avadhīt'.

माम् (mām) - me (Draupadī, the speaker) (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

First person pronoun.

Note: Object of 'avadhīt'.

पदा (padā) - with his foot (implying 'kicked') (with the foot, by means of the foot)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pada

pada - foot, step, word, position

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Indicates the instrument of action for 'avadhīt'.

अवधीत् (avadhīt) - he kicked (struck with his foot) (he struck, he killed, he hit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of han

Aorist active 3rd singular

From root `han` (to strike/kill) with augment `a-` and `sic` aorist suffix `s`.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to Kīcaka's action.

तव (tava) - of you (Bhīmasena) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun.

Note: Possessive, refers to Bhīmasena.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction particle.

एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing 'before your very eyes') (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

समक्षम् (samakṣam) - right before your very eyes (in front of, before the eyes, visibly)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable (adverbial) formed from a compound.

Compound type : avyayibhāva (sam+akṣa)

• sam – together, with, complete
  indeclinable
  Prefix/Preposition.
• akṣa – eye, axle, die
  noun (neuter)
  From root `akṣ` (to pervade, to obtain).
  Root: akṣ (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially, modifying the location of the event.

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle, often used in Vedic texts and epic Sanskrit.

भीमसेन (bhīmasena) - O Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava brother, literally 'having a terrible army')

Compound noun.

Note: Direct address to Bhīmasena.

महाबल (mahābala) - O mighty one (an epithet for Bhīmasena) (O mighty one, O powerful one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, mighty, very powerful

Compound adjective.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine form of `mahat`, often used as the first part of compounds.
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  From root `bal` (to live, to breathe, to be strong).
  Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Used here in vocative as an epithet for Bhīmasena.