महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-20, verse-1

भीमसेन उवाच ।
धिगस्तु मे बाहुबलं गाण्डीवं फल्गुनस्य च ।
यत्ते रक्तौ पुरा भूत्वा पाणी कृतकिणावुभौ ॥१॥

1. bhīmasena uvāca ,
dhigastu me bāhubalaṁ gāṇḍīvaṁ phalgunasya ca ,
yatte raktau purā bhūtvā pāṇī kṛtakiṇāvubhau.

1. bhīmasenaḥ uvāca dhik astu me bāhubalam gāṇḍīvam phālgunasya
ca yat te raktau purā bhūtvā pāṇī kṛtakīṇau ubhau

1. Bhīmasena said: Shame upon my arm-strength and upon Arjuna's (Phalguna's) Gāṇḍīva bow! For these two hands of mine, which were formerly soft and red, have now become calloused.

Words meanings summery:

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• धिक् (dhik) - shame on, curse on, fie upon

• अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be

• मे (me) - my, to me, for me

• बाहुबलम् (bāhubalam) - arm-strength, might of arms

• गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)

• फाल्गुनस्य (phālgunasya) - of Arjuna

• च (ca) - and, also

• यत् (yat) - because, that which

• ते (te) - my (referring to hands)

• रक्तौ (raktau) - soft and tender (referring to hands) (red, soft, tender)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in the past

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having been

• पाणी (pāṇī) - hands (two)

• कृतकीणौ (kṛtakīṇau) - calloused, hardened with sores

• उभौ (ubhau) - both (masculine)

Words meanings and morphology

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena, son of Vāyu, one of the Pāṇḍavas

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect active of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

धिक् (dhik) - shame on, curse on, fie upon

(indeclinable)

अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of astu

Imperative Active

3rd person singular imperative active of root as

Root: as (class 2)

मे (me) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Alternately dative singular.

बाहुबलम् (bāhubalam) - arm-strength, might of arms

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bāhubala

bāhubala - arm-strength, might of arms

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāhu+bala)

• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gāṇḍīva

gāṇḍīva - Arjuna's bow

फाल्गुनस्य (phālgunasya) - of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of phālguna

phālguna - Arjuna (son of Phalguṇī/Pṛthā)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - because, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, because

Note: Used here as a conjunction 'because' or referring to the previous statement.

ते (te) - my (referring to hands)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Vedic/epic form for 'my' (mama/me).

रक्तौ (raktau) - soft and tender (referring to hands) (red, soft, tender)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rakta

rakta - red, dyed, enamoured, attached, soft, tender

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root rañj (to color, dye)

Root: rañj (class 1)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in the past

(indeclinable)

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having been

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) of root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

पाणी (pāṇī) - hands (two)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pāṇi

pāṇi - hand

कृतकीणौ (kṛtakīṇau) - calloused, hardened with sores

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kṛtakīṇa

kṛtakīṇa - having callouses, marked by scars or sores

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+kīṇa)

• kṛta – made, done, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kīṇa – callous, scar, mark
  noun (masculine)

उभौ (ubhau) - both (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both