महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-71, verse-4

दमयन्ती च शुश्राव रथघोषं नलस्य तम् ।
यथा मेघस्य नदतो गम्भीरं जलदागमे ॥४॥

4. damayantī ca śuśrāva rathaghoṣaṁ nalasya tam ,
yathā meghasya nadato gambhīraṁ jaladāgame.

4. damayantī ca śuśrāva rathaghoṣam nalasya tam
yathā meghasya nadatas gambhīram jaladāgame

4. And Damayantī heard that deep sound of Nala's chariot, just like the deep roar of a thundering cloud at the arrival of the rainy season.

Words meanings summery:

• दमयन्ती (damayantī) - Damayantī

• च (ca) - and, also

• शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - heard

• रथघोषम् (rathaghoṣam) - sound of a chariot

• नलस्य (nalasya) - of Nala

• तम् (tam) - that (chariot sound) (that, him)

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• मेघस्य (meghasya) - of a cloud

• नरतस् (naratas) - thundering, roaring (participle)

• गम्भीरम् (gambhīram) - deep, profound

• जलदागमे (jaladāgame) - at the arrival of rain clouds, at the monsoon's onset

Words meanings and morphology

दमयन्ती (damayantī) - Damayantī

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of damayantī

damayantī - a proper name, Damayantī

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - heard

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of śru

perfect active

3rd person singular perfect active of the root śru

Root: śru (class 5)

रथघोषम् (rathaghoṣam) - sound of a chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathaghoṣa

rathaghoṣa - sound of a chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+ghoṣa)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

नलस्य (nalasya) - of Nala

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (proper name of a king)

तम् (tam) - that (chariot sound) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: masculine accusative singular, referring to 'rathaghoṣam'.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

मेघस्य (meghasya) - of a cloud

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of megha

megha - cloud

Root: mih (class 1)

नरतस् (naratas) - thundering, roaring (participle)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nadat

nadat - thundering, roaring, sounding

present active participle

present active participle of the root nad (to roar), genitive singular masculine

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'meghasya'.

गम्भीरम् (gambhīram) - deep, profound

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gambhīra

gambhīra - deep, profound, solemn

Note: Qualifies 'rathaghoṣam' (implied by 'tam' referring to the sound).

जलदागमे (jaladāgame) - at the arrival of rain clouds, at the monsoon's onset

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jaladāgama

jaladāgama - arrival of clouds, monsoon season

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jalada+āgama)

• jalada – cloud (lit. water-giver)
  noun (masculine)
  compound of jala (water) and da (giver)
• āgama – arrival, coming
  noun (masculine)
  derived from ā + gam
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)