महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-71, verse-31

चिन्तयामास वैदर्भी कस्यैष रथनिस्वनः ।
नलस्येव महानासीन्न च पश्यामि नैषधम् ॥३१॥

31. cintayāmāsa vaidarbhī kasyaiṣa rathanisvanaḥ ,
nalasyeva mahānāsīnna ca paśyāmi naiṣadham.

31. cintayāmāsa vaidarbhī kasya eṣaḥ rathanisvanaḥ
nalasya iva mahān āsīt na ca paśyāmi naiṣadham

31. The princess of Vidarbha (Damayantī) pondered, 'Whose chariot-sound is this? It was mighty, just like Nala's, yet I do not see the king of Niṣadha (Nala).'

Words meanings summery:

• चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - pondered (pondered, thought, considered)

• वैदर्भी (vaidarbhī) - the princess of Vidarbha (Damayantī) (princess of Vidarbha (Damayantī))

• कस्य (kasya) - whose (whose, of whom, for whom)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (this, this one)

• रथनिस्वनः (rathanisvanaḥ) - this chariot-sound (sound of a chariot, chariot's rumble)

• नलस्य (nalasya) - of Nala

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if, similar to)

• महान् (mahān) - mighty (great, mighty, large)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - it was (was, existed)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - yet (and, also, moreover)

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see (I see, I perceive, I observe)

• नैषधम् (naiṣadham) - the king of Niṣadha (Nala) (king of Niṣadha (Nala))

Words meanings and morphology

चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - pondered (pondered, thought, considered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of cintay

Perfect Tense

Derived from the denominative stem cintay- (from cintā 'thought') in the perfect tense.

Root: cit (class 10)

वैदर्भी (vaidarbhī) - the princess of Vidarbha (Damayantī) (princess of Vidarbha (Damayantī))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vaidarbhī

vaidarbhī - belonging to Vidarbha; princess of Vidarbha (Damayantī)

Feminine form derived from Vidarbha (a country/kingdom).

कस्य (kasya) - whose (whose, of whom, for whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

रथनिस्वनः (rathanisvanaḥ) - this chariot-sound (sound of a chariot, chariot's rumble)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathanisvana

rathanisvana - sound of a chariot, chariot's rumble

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+nisvana)

• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
• nisvana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from prefix ni- and root svan (to sound).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: svan (class 1)

नलस्य (nalasya) - of Nala

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (the king of Niṣadha, husband of Damayantī)

इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if, similar to)

(indeclinable)

महान् (mahān) - mighty (great, mighty, large)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large, eminent

आसीत् (āsīt) - it was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - yet (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see (I see, I perceive, I observe)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paś

Present stem paśya- from root dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

नैषधम् (naiṣadham) - the king of Niṣadha (Nala) (king of Niṣadha (Nala))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naiṣadha

naiṣadha - belonging to Niṣadha; king of Niṣadha (Nala)

Derived from Niṣadha (name of a country/mountain range).