महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-71, verse-3

ततस्तं रथनिर्घोषं नलाश्वास्तत्र शुश्रुवुः ।
श्रुत्वा च समहृष्यन्त पुरेव नलसंनिधौ ॥३॥

3. tatastaṁ rathanirghoṣaṁ nalāśvāstatra śuśruvuḥ ,
śrutvā ca samahṛṣyanta pureva nalasaṁnidhau.

3. tataḥ tam rathanirghoṣam nalāśvāḥ tatra śuśruvuḥ
śrutvā ca samahṛṣyanta purā iva nalasaṃnidhau

3. Then, Nala's horses heard that chariot's roar. And having heard it, they rejoiced greatly, just as they had done previously in Nala's presence.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from that)

• तम् (tam) - that (chariot-roar) (that, him, it)

• रथनिर्घोषम् (rathanirghoṣam) - the roar of the chariot (chariot-roar, sound of a chariot)

• नलाश्वाः (nalāśvāḥ) - Nala's horses

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in Kuṇḍina) (there, in that place)

• शुश्रुवुः (śuśruvuḥ) - they heard

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard it (having heard)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• समहृष्यन्त (samahṛṣyanta) - they greatly rejoiced (they rejoiced, they were thrilled)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, before (before, formerly, anciently)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• नलसंनिधौ (nalasaṁnidhau) - in Nala's presence

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (chariot-roar) (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of śuśruvuḥ

रथनिर्घोषम् (rathanirghoṣam) - the roar of the chariot (chariot-roar, sound of a chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathanirghoṣa

rathanirghoṣa - chariot-roar, sound of a chariot

Compound of ratha (chariot) and nirghoṣa (roar, sound).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+nirghoṣa)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• nirghoṣa – roar, sound, loud noise
  noun (masculine)
  From √ghuṣ (to sound) with prefix nir
  Prefix: nir
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of śuśruvuḥ

नलाश्वाः (nalāśvāḥ) - Nala's horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nalāśva

nalāśva - Nala's horse, horse of Nala

Compound of Nala (proper noun) and aśva (horse).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nala+aśva)

• nala – Nala (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of śuśruvuḥ and samahṛṣyanta

तत्र (tatra) - there (in Kuṇḍina) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

शुश्रुवुः (śuśruvuḥ) - they heard

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of śru

Perfect 3rd plural of √śru

Root: śru (class 5)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard it (having heard)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From √śru (to hear) with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

समहृष्यन्त (samahṛṣyanta) - they greatly rejoiced (they rejoiced, they were thrilled)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of hṛṣ

Imperfect 3rd plural of √hṛṣ with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, before (before, formerly, anciently)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

Note: Forms pureva with purā.

नलसंनिधौ (nalasaṁnidhau) - in Nala's presence

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nalasaṃnidhi

nalasaṁnidhi - presence of Nala

Compound of Nala (proper noun) and saṃnidhi (presence).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nala+saṃnidhi)

• nala – Nala (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• saṃnidhi – presence, proximity, vicinity
  noun (masculine)
  From √dhā (to place) with prefixes sam and ni
  Prefixes: sam+ni
  Root: dhā (class 3)