महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-71, verse-19

सोऽवतीर्य रथोपस्थादृतुपर्णो नराधिपः ।
उपतस्थे महाराज भीमं भीमपराक्रमम् ॥१९॥

19. so'vatīrya rathopasthādṛtuparṇo narādhipaḥ ,
upatasthe mahārāja bhīmaṁ bhīmaparākramam.

19. saḥ avatīrya rathopastha-āt ṛtuparṇaḥ narādhipaḥ
upatasthe mahārāja bhīmam bhīmaparākramam

19. O great king, King Ṛtuparṇa, having dismounted from the chariot's platform, then approached Bhīma, who possessed terrible prowess.

19. המלך רְטוּפַּרְנַה ירד מן המושב שבמרכבה, והתייצב, הו מלך גדול, לפני בְּהִימַה, שגבורתו אדירה.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (he, that (masculine))

• अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - King Ṛtuparṇa having dismounted (having dismounted, having descended)

• रथोपस्थ-आत् (rathopastha-āt) - from the place near the chariot (from the chariot's vicinity/platform)

• ऋतुपर्णः (ṛtuparṇaḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (Ṛtuparṇa (proper name))

• नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (king, lord of men)

• उपतस्थे (upatasthe) - King Ṛtuparṇa approached Bhīma (approached, attended, stood near)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - An address to Yudhiṣṭhira (O great king)

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma, one of the Pāṇḍavas (Bhīma (proper name))

• भीमपराक्रमम् (bhīmaparākramam) - Bhīma, who had terrible strength/prowess (of terrible prowess)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative masculine singular of 'tad'

अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - King Ṛtuparṇa having dismounted (having dismounted, having descended)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From 'ava-' (prefix) + 'tṛ' (to cross, go over) + 'lyap' (absolutive suffix)

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

रथोपस्थ-आत् (rathopastha-āt) - from the place near the chariot (from the chariot's vicinity/platform)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rathopastha

rathopastha - vicinity of a chariot, chariot's platform

Masculine ablative singular

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• upastha – lap, vicinity, nearby place
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa

Note: Indicates the point of origin for dismounting

ऋतुपर्णः (ṛtuparṇaḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (Ṛtuparṇa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛtuparṇa

ṛtuparṇa - Ṛtuparṇa (name of a king)

Nominative masculine singular

Note: Subject of 'upatasthe'

नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (king, lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler, lord of men

Nominative masculine singular

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, chief
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi

Note: In apposition to 'ṛtuparṇaḥ'

उपतस्थे (upatasthe) - King Ṛtuparṇa approached Bhīma (approached, attended, stood near)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of sthā

Perfect middle

From 'upa-' (prefix) + 'sthā' (1st class) Perfect 3rd person singular middle voice

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

महाराज (mahārāja) - An address to Yudhiṣṭhira (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Vocative masculine singular

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma, one of the Pāṇḍavas (Bhīma (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name), terrible, dreadful

Accusative masculine singular

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of 'upatasthe'

भीमपराक्रमम् (bhīmaparākramam) - Bhīma, who had terrible strength/prowess (of terrible prowess)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmaparākrama

bhīmaparākrama - of terrible prowess, having dreadful might

Accusative masculine singular

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+parākrama)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• parākrama – prowess, valor, might, energy
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: parā+ā
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhīmam'

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