महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-71, verse-19

सोऽवतीर्य रथोपस्थादृतुपर्णो नराधिपः ।
उपतस्थे महाराज भीमं भीमपराक्रमम् ॥१९॥

19. so'vatīrya rathopasthādṛtuparṇo narādhipaḥ ,
upatasthe mahārāja bhīmaṁ bhīmaparākramam.

19. saḥ avatīrya rathopastha-āt ṛtuparṇaḥ narādhipaḥ
upatasthe mahārāja bhīmam bhīmaparākramam

19. O great king, King Ṛtuparṇa, having dismounted from the chariot's platform, then approached Bhīma, who possessed terrible prowess.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (he, that (masculine))

• अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - King Ṛtuparṇa having dismounted (having dismounted, having descended)

• रथोपस्थ-आत् (rathopastha-āt) - from the place near the chariot (from the chariot's vicinity/platform)

• ऋतुपर्णः (ṛtuparṇaḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (Ṛtuparṇa (proper name))

• नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (king, lord of men)

• उपतस्थे (upatasthe) - King Ṛtuparṇa approached Bhīma (approached, attended, stood near)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - An address to Yudhiṣṭhira (O great king)

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma, one of the Pāṇḍavas (Bhīma (proper name))

• भीमपराक्रमम् (bhīmaparākramam) - Bhīma, who had terrible strength/prowess (of terrible prowess)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative masculine singular of 'tad'

अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - King Ṛtuparṇa having dismounted (having dismounted, having descended)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From 'ava-' (prefix) + 'tṛ' (to cross, go over) + 'lyap' (absolutive suffix)

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

रथोपस्थ-आत् (rathopastha-āt) - from the place near the chariot (from the chariot's vicinity/platform)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rathopastha

rathopastha - vicinity of a chariot, chariot's platform

Masculine ablative singular

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• upastha – lap, vicinity, nearby place
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa

Note: Indicates the point of origin for dismounting

ऋतुपर्णः (ṛtuparṇaḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (Ṛtuparṇa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛtuparṇa

ṛtuparṇa - Ṛtuparṇa (name of a king)

Nominative masculine singular

Note: Subject of 'upatasthe'

नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - King Ṛtuparṇa (king, lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler, lord of men

Nominative masculine singular

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, chief
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi

Note: In apposition to 'ṛtuparṇaḥ'

उपतस्थे (upatasthe) - King Ṛtuparṇa approached Bhīma (approached, attended, stood near)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of sthā

Perfect middle

From 'upa-' (prefix) + 'sthā' (1st class) Perfect 3rd person singular middle voice

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

महाराज (mahārāja) - An address to Yudhiṣṭhira (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Vocative masculine singular

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma, one of the Pāṇḍavas (Bhīma (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name), terrible, dreadful

Accusative masculine singular

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of 'upatasthe'

भीमपराक्रमम् (bhīmaparākramam) - Bhīma, who had terrible strength/prowess (of terrible prowess)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmaparākrama

bhīmaparākrama - of terrible prowess, having dreadful might

Accusative masculine singular

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+parākrama)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• parākrama – prowess, valor, might, energy
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: parā+ā
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhīmam'