महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-71, verse-32

वार्ष्णेयेन भवेन्नूनं विद्या सैवोपशिक्षिता ।
तेनास्य रथनिर्घोषो नलस्येव महानभूत् ॥३२॥

32. vārṣṇeyena bhavennūnaṁ vidyā saivopaśikṣitā ,
tenāsya rathanirghoṣo nalasyeva mahānabhūt.

32. vārṣṇeyena bhavet nūnam vidyā sā eva upaśikṣitā
tena asya rathanirghoṣaḥ nalasya iva mahān abhūt

32. Surely, that very skill must have been imparted by Vārṣṇeya (Bāhuka). That is why the roar of this chariot was mighty, just like Nala's.

Words meanings summery:

• वार्ष्णेयेन (vārṣṇeyena) - by Bāhuka (Nala in disguise), who is referred to as Vārṣṇeya (by the descendant of Vṛṣṇi)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, must be

• नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

• विद्या (vidyā) - specific skill in charioteering (knowledge, science, learning, skill)

• सा (sā) - that (skill) (she, that (feminine))

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• उपशिक्षिता (upaśikṣitā) - imparted (skill) (taught, instructed, educated)

• तेन (tena) - by him (Vārṣṇeya) (by him, by that)

• अस्य (asya) - of this (chariot) (of this, of him, of it)

• रथनिर्घोषः (rathanirghoṣaḥ) - chariot's sound/roar

• नलस्य (nalasya) - of Nala

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

• अभूत् (abhūt) - was, became

Words meanings and morphology

वार्ष्णेयेन (vārṣṇeyena) - by Bāhuka (Nala in disguise), who is referred to as Vārṣṇeya (by the descendant of Vṛṣṇi)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vārṣṇeya

vārṣṇeya - a descendant of Vṛṣṇi; patronymic of Bāhuka/Nala

Derived from Vṛṣṇi + aṇ (patronymic suffix)

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, must be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood, Parasmaipada

3rd person singular optative of `bhū`

Root: bhū (class 1)

नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

(indeclinable)

विद्या (vidyā) - specific skill in charioteering (knowledge, science, learning, skill)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science, skill

From root `vid` + `yā` suffix

Root: vid (class 2)

सा (sā) - that (skill) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

उपशिक्षिता (upaśikṣitā) - imparted (skill) (taught, instructed, educated)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of upaśikṣita

upaśikṣita - taught, instructed, educated, learned

Past Passive Participle

From root `śikṣ` (to learn/teach) with prefix `upa`. Past passive participle suffix `-ta`.

Prefix: upa

Root: śikṣ (class 1)

तेन (tena) - by him (Vārṣṇeya) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it (demonstrative pronoun)

अस्य (asya) - of this (chariot) (of this, of him, of it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it (proximal demonstrative pronoun)

Masculine/neuter singular genitive of `idam`.

रथनिर्घोषः (rathanirghoṣaḥ) - chariot's sound/roar

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathanirghoṣa

rathanirghoṣa - the sound or roar of a chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+nirghoṣa)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• nirghoṣa – sound, noise, roar, loud cry
  noun (masculine)
  From root `ghuṣ` (to sound) with prefix `nis` (out, forth).
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

नलस्य (nalasya) - of Nala

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (name of a king)

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, big, mighty, important

अभूत् (abhūt) - was, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist Mood, Parasmaipada

3rd person singular aorist of `bhū`

Root: bhū (class 1)