महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-71, verse-18

ततोऽवतीर्य वार्ष्णेयो बाहुकश्च रथोत्तमात् ।
हयांस्तानवमुच्याथ स्थापयामासतू रथम् ॥१८॥

18. tato'vatīrya vārṣṇeyo bāhukaśca rathottamāt ,
hayāṁstānavamucyātha sthāpayāmāsatū ratham.

18. tataḥ avatīrya vārṣṇeyaḥ bāhukaḥ ca rathottama-āt
hayān tān avamucya atha sthāpayām āsatuḥ ratham

18. Then, having dismounted from the excellent chariot, Vārṣṇeya and Bāhuka subsequently unyoked those horses and placed the chariot (aside).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - Then, after seeing Ṛtuparṇa (then, from that)

• अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - Vārṣṇeya and Bāhuka having dismounted (having dismounted, having descended)

• वार्ष्णेयः (vārṣṇeyaḥ) - The charioteer Vārṣṇeya (Vārṣṇeya (proper name))

• बाहुकः (bāhukaḥ) - Nala in disguise, serving as Bāhuka (Bāhuka (proper name))

• च (ca) - Vārṣṇeya and Bāhuka (and)

• रथोत्तम-आत् (rathottama-āt) - from the King's chariot, which is excellent (from the excellent chariot)

• हयान् (hayān) - the horses of the chariot (horses)

• तान् (tān) - those horses (those)

• अवमुच्य (avamucya) - having unyoked the horses (having unyoked, having released)

• अथ (atha) - and then, after unyoking (then, and, thereafter)

• स्थापयाम् (sthāpayām) - they placed (the chariot) (caused to stand, established, placed)

• आसतुः (āsatuḥ) - They two (Vārṣṇeya and Bāhuka) did (the placing) (they two were, they two did)

• रथम् (ratham) - the chariot (which they placed) (chariot)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - Then, after seeing Ṛtuparṇa (then, from that)

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' + 'tasil' suffix

अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - Vārṣṇeya and Bāhuka having dismounted (having dismounted, having descended)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From 'ava-' (prefix) + 'tṛ' (to cross, go over) + 'lyap' (absolutive suffix, used with prefixes)

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

वार्ष्णेयः (vārṣṇeyaḥ) - The charioteer Vārṣṇeya (Vārṣṇeya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vārṣṇeya

vārṣṇeya - descendant of Vṛṣṇi, Vārṣṇeya (name of a charioteer)

Nominative masculine singular

Note: Subject of the actions

बाहुकः (bāhukaḥ) - Nala in disguise, serving as Bāhuka (Bāhuka (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāhuka

bāhuka - Bāhuka (name of Nala in disguise)

Nominative masculine singular

Note: Subject of the actions

च (ca) - Vārṣṇeya and Bāhuka (and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

रथोत्तम-आत् (rathottama-āt) - from the King's chariot, which is excellent (from the excellent chariot)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rathottama

rathottama - best chariot, excellent chariot

Masculine ablative singular

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+uttama)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest
  adjective

Note: Indicates source of descent

हयान् (hayān) - the horses of the chariot (horses)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, steed

Accusative masculine plural

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Object of 'avamucya'

तान् (tān) - those horses (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Accusative masculine plural

अवमुच्य (avamucya) - having unyoked the horses (having unyoked, having released)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From 'ava-' (prefix) + 'muc' (to release) + 'lyap' suffix

Prefix: ava

Root: muc (class 6)

अथ (atha) - and then, after unyoking (then, and, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a conjunction, often indicating sequence

स्थापयाम् (sthāpayām) - they placed (the chariot) (caused to stand, established, placed)

(verb)

active

Periphrastic Perfect root (formed with 'ām' and 'kṛ/bhū/as' root)

Causative stem of 'sthā' + 'ām'. Part of periphrastic perfect

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: This is the first part of the periphrastic perfect verb

आसतुः (āsatuḥ) - They two (Vārṣṇeya and Bāhuka) did (the placing) (they two were, they two did)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of as

Perfect active

3rd person dual perfect active of root 'as' (to be). Used here as an auxiliary for periphrastic perfect with 'sthāpayām'

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Auxiliary verb for periphrastic perfect

रथम् (ratham) - the chariot (which they placed) (chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Accusative masculine singular