महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-58, verse-23

ततः सा बाष्पकलया वाचा दुःखेन कर्शिता ।
उवाच दमयन्ती तं नैषधं करुणं वचः ॥२३॥

23. tataḥ sā bāṣpakalayā vācā duḥkhena karśitā ,
uvāca damayantī taṁ naiṣadhaṁ karuṇaṁ vacaḥ.

23. tataḥ sā bāṣpakalayā vācā duḥkhena karśitā
uvāca damayantī tam naiṣadham karuṇam vacaḥ

23. Then, emaciated by sorrow and with a voice choked with tears, Damayantī spoke these pathetic words to Nala (the prince of Niṣadha).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore

• सा (sā) - she, that

• बाष्पकलया (bāṣpakalayā) - with a soft sound from tears; with a voice choked with tears

• वाचा (vācā) - with voice, by speech

• दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - by sorrow, with pain

• कर्शिता (karśitā) - emaciated, weakened, worn out

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• दमयन्ती (damayantī) - the wife of Nala (Damayantī)

• तम् (tam) - to him, that

• नैषधम् (naiṣadham) - to Nala, who was the king of Niṣadha (to the king of Niṣadha)

• करुणम् (karuṇam) - pathetic, pitiable, mournful

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - she, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

बाष्पकलया (bāṣpakalayā) - with a soft sound from tears; with a voice choked with tears

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bāṣpakalā

bāṣpakalā - a soft, indistinct sound (from tears); choked voice

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāṣpa+kalā)

• bāṣpa – tears
  noun (masculine)
• kalā – a soft, low sound; indistinct sound
  noun (feminine)

वाचा (vācā) - with voice, by speech

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - voice, speech, word

दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - by sorrow, with pain

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, suffering, unhappiness

कर्शिता (karśitā) - emaciated, weakened, worn out

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of karśita

karśita - emaciated, weakened, worn out

Past Passive Participle

derived from root kṛś (to become thin)

Root: kṛś (class 4)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

दमयन्ती (damayantī) - the wife of Nala (Damayantī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of damayantī

damayantī - name of a princess, wife of Nala

तम् (tam) - to him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

नैषधम् (naiṣadham) - to Nala, who was the king of Niṣadha (to the king of Niṣadha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naiṣadha

naiṣadha - king of Niṣadha (a region); Nala

करुणम् (karuṇam) - pathetic, pitiable, mournful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karuṇa

karuṇa - pitiable, pathetic, mournful, compassionate

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying