महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-58, verse-10

स तथा नगराभ्याशे सत्कारार्हो न सत्कृतः ।
त्रिरात्रमुषितो राजा जलमात्रेण वर्तयन् ॥१०॥

10. sa tathā nagarābhyāśe satkārārho na satkṛtaḥ ,
trirātramuṣito rājā jalamātreṇa vartayan.

10. sa tathā nagarābhyāśe satkārārhaḥ na satkṛtaḥ
trirātram uṣitaḥ rājā jalamātreṇa vartayan

10. Near the city, the king, though deserving of honor, was not shown any hospitality. He had resided there for three nights, sustaining himself solely on water.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

• नगराभ्याशे (nagarābhyāśe) - near the city, in the vicinity of the city

• सत्कारार्हः (satkārārhaḥ) - deserving honor, worthy of hospitality

• न (na) - not, no

• सत्कृतः (satkṛtaḥ) - honored, treated with hospitality

• त्रिरात्रम् (trirātram) - for three nights, a period of three nights

• उषितः (uṣitaḥ) - resided, stayed

• राजा (rājā) - king

• जलमात्रेण (jalamātreṇa) - only with water, merely with water

• वर्तयन् (vartayan) - sustaining himself, living, causing to exist

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

(indeclinable)

नगराभ्याशे (nagarābhyāśe) - near the city, in the vicinity of the city

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nagarābhyāśa

nagarābhyāśa - vicinity of a city

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nagara+abhyāśa)

• nagara – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• abhyāśa – vicinity, proximity
  noun (masculine)

सत्कारार्हः (satkārārhaḥ) - deserving honor, worthy of hospitality

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satkārārha

satkārārha - deserving of good treatment or hospitality

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satkāra+arha)

• satkāra – honor, hospitality, good treatment
  noun (masculine)
• arha – deserving, worthy, suitable
  adjective

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सत्कृतः (satkṛtaḥ) - honored, treated with hospitality

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satkṛta

satkṛta - honored, respected, well-treated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root kṛ with prefix sat

Prefix: sat

Root: kṛ

त्रिरात्रम् (trirātram) - for three nights, a period of three nights

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of trirātra

trirātra - period of three nights

Compound type : dvigu (tri+rātra)

• tri – three
  adjective
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)

उषितः (uṣitaḥ) - resided, stayed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uṣita

uṣita - dwelt, resided, stayed

Past Passive Participle

From root vas (to dwell)

Root: vas

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

जलमात्रेण (jalamātreṇa) - only with water, merely with water

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of jalamātra

jalamātra - only water

Compound type : karmadhāraya (jala+mātra)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• mātra – only, merely, a measure
  adjective (neuter)

वर्तयन् (vartayan) - sustaining himself, living, causing to exist

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vartayat

vartayat - causing to turn, maintaining, sustaining

Present Active Participle (Causal)

Derived from the causal form of root vṛt (to be, exist)

Root: vṛt (class 1)