महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-3, chapter-45, verse-15
ब्रह्मर्षे श्रूयतां यत्ते मनसैतद्विवक्षितम् ।
नायं केवलमर्त्यो वै क्षत्रियत्वमुपागतः ॥१५॥
नायं केवलमर्त्यो वै क्षत्रियत्वमुपागतः ॥१५॥
15. brahmarṣe śrūyatāṁ yatte manasaitadvivakṣitam ,
nāyaṁ kevalamartyo vai kṣatriyatvamupāgataḥ.
nāyaṁ kevalamartyo vai kṣatriyatvamupāgataḥ.
15.
brahmarṣe śrūyatām yat te manasā etat vivakṣitam
na ayam kevalam martyaḥ vai kṣatriyatvam upāgataḥ
na ayam kevalam martyaḥ vai kṣatriyatvam upāgataḥ
15.
O Brahmin sage, listen to what you have intended in your mind. This one is certainly not merely a mortal who has attained kshatriya (kṣatriya) status.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ब्रह्मर्षे (brahmarṣe) - O revered sage Lomasha! (O Brahmin sage!)
- श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - listen (to me) (let it be heard, listen)
- यत् (yat) - what (is intended) (what, which, that)
- ते (te) - by you (referring to Lomasha) (by you, your, to you)
- मनसा (manasā) - in your mind, by your thought (by the mind, with the mind)
- एतत् (etat) - this (matter) (this)
- विवक्षितम् (vivakṣitam) - that which is intended (by you) (intended, desired to be said, expressed)
- न (na) - not
- अयम् (ayam) - this one (Arjuna) (this one, he)
- केवलम् (kevalam) - merely (merely, solely, only)
- मर्त्यः (martyaḥ) - a mortal (being) (mortal, human being)
- वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (indeed, surely, verily)
- क्षत्रियत्वम् (kṣatriyatvam) - the status of a kshatriya (kṣatriya) (kshatriya nature/status, warriorhood)
- उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - who has attained (having approached, attained, arrived)
Words meanings and morphology
ब्रह्मर्षे (brahmarṣe) - O revered sage Lomasha! (O Brahmin sage!)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of brahmarṣi
brahmarṣi - Brahmin sage, divine sage
Compound.
Compound type : karmadhāraya (brahman+ṛṣi)
- brahman – Brahmin, sacred knowledge, the ultimate reality (brahman)
noun (masculine) - ṛṣi – sage, seer
noun (masculine)
Note: Addressed to Lomasha.
श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - listen (to me) (let it be heard, listen)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of śru
Imperative, 3rd person singular, passive voice
Root 'śru', passive 'śrūya-', imperative 'tām'.
Root: śru (class 5)
Note: Null subject, implied 'it' (the matter).
यत् (yat) - what (is intended) (what, which, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that
Note: Refers to 'vivakṣitam'.
ते (te) - by you (referring to Lomasha) (by you, your, to you)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
Enclitic form of dative/genitive singular of 'yuṣmad'. Here used in agentive sense with passive participle.
Note: Agent for 'vivakṣitam'.
मनसा (manasā) - in your mind, by your thought (by the mind, with the mind)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas
manas - mind, intellect, heart, thought
s-stem noun.
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Indicates the means or agent of intention.
एतत् (etat) - this (matter) (this)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, here
Note: Refers to 'vivakṣitam'.
विवक्षितम् (vivakṣitam) - that which is intended (by you) (intended, desired to be said, expressed)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of vivakṣita
vivakṣita - intended, desired to be spoken, expressed
Past Passive Participle (desiderative root)
From desiderative stem of 'vac' (to speak) + 'kta' suffix.
Root: vac (class 2)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
अयम् (ayam) - this one (Arjuna) (this one, he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, she, it
Masculine nominative singular of 'idam'.
Note: Refers to Arjuna.
केवलम् (kevalam) - merely (merely, solely, only)
(indeclinable)
Note: Modifies 'martyaḥ'.
मर्त्यः (martyaḥ) - a mortal (being) (mortal, human being)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of martya
martya - mortal, human, man
From root 'mṛ' (to die).
Root: mṛ (class 6)
Note: Predicate nominative for 'ayam'.
वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (indeed, surely, verily)
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.
क्षत्रियत्वम् (kṣatriyatvam) - the status of a kshatriya (kṣatriya) (kshatriya nature/status, warriorhood)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣatriyatva
kṣatriyatva - kshatriya-hood, warrior status, nature of a warrior
Derived from 'kṣatriya' with 'tva' suffix.
Note: Object of 'upāgataḥ'.
उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - who has attained (having approached, attained, arrived)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of upāgata
upāgata - approached, arrived, attained, gone to
Past Passive Participle
From root 'gam' with prefixes 'upa' and 'ā'.
Prefixes: upa+ā
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Functions as the main verb 'has attained'.