महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-43, verse-34

लोकानात्मप्रभान्पश्यन्फल्गुनो विस्मयान्वितः ।
पप्रच्छ मातलिं प्रीत्या स चाप्येनमुवाच ह ॥३४॥

34. lokānātmaprabhānpaśyanphalguno vismayānvitaḥ ,
papraccha mātaliṁ prītyā sa cāpyenamuvāca ha.

34. lokān ātmaprabhān paśyan phalgunaḥ vismayānvitaḥ
papraccha mātaliṃ prītyā saḥ ca api enam uvāca ha

34. Seeing those beings shining with their own self (ātman) light, Arjuna (Phalguna) was filled with wonder. He affectionately asked Matali, and Matali, in turn, spoke to him.

Words meanings summery:

• लोकान् (lokān) - the various celestial beings mentioned in the previous verses (beings, people, worlds)

• आत्मप्रभान् (ātmaprabhān) - self-luminous, shining with their own light

• पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing, while seeing

• फल्गुनः (phalgunaḥ) - Phalguna (Arjuna)

• विस्मयान्वितः (vismayānvitaḥ) - filled with wonder, astonished

• पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - he asked

• मातलिं (mātaliṁ) - Indra's charioteer, Matali (Matali)

• प्रीत्या (prītyā) - with affection, lovingly

• सः (saḥ) - Matali (he)

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• एनम् (enam) - Arjuna (him)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

Words meanings and morphology

लोकान् (lokān) - the various celestial beings mentioned in the previous verses (beings, people, worlds)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, beings

Derived from root 'lok' (to see, perceive).

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Refers to the collective beings mentioned previously.

आत्मप्रभान् (ātmaprabhān) - self-luminous, shining with their own light

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ātmaprabha

ātmaprabha - self-luminous, shining with one's own light

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+prabhā)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'an' (to breathe).
  Root: an (class 2)
• prabhā – light, splendor, radiance
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'bhā' (to shine) with upasarga 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Modifies `lokān`.

पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing, while seeing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, looking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with the present active participle suffix -śat, which changes to paśyat in the present stem.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adjective describing Arjuna.

फल्गुनः (phalgunaḥ) - Phalguna (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Phalguna (an epithet of Arjuna)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

विस्मयान्वितः (vismayānvitaḥ) - filled with wonder, astonished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vismayānvita

vismayānvita - filled with wonder, accompanied by astonishment

Compound type : tatpurusha (vismaya+anvita)

• vismaya – wonder, astonishment
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'smi' (to smile, wonder) with upasarga 'vi' and suffix '-a'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: smi (class 1)
• anvita – accompanied, joined, connected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'i' (to go) with upasarga 'anu' and kta suffix.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies `phalgunaḥ`.

पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - he asked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prach

Perfect tense (lit) 3rd person singular of root 'prach'.

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Subject is Arjuna (implied).

मातलिं (mātaliṁ) - Indra's charioteer, Matali (Matali)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mātali

mātali - Matali (Indra's charioteer)

Note: Object of `papraccha`.

प्रीत्या (prītyā) - with affection, lovingly

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - affection, love, fondness, pleasure

Derived from root 'prī' (to please, love).

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Describes how Arjuna asked.

सः (saḥ) - Matali (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun. Masculine nominative singular.

Note: Refers to Matali. Forms sandhi with `ca`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms sandhi with `saḥ` and `api`.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - Arjuna (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - him, this one (near speaker)

Demonstrative pronoun. Masculine accusative singular.

Note: Object of `uvāca`. Refers to Arjuna.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense (lit) 3rd person singular of root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject is Matali (implied).

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

An expletive or emphatic particle, often left untranslated in English prose.