महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-43, verse-15

अर्जुन उवाच ।
मातले गच्छ शीघ्रं त्वमारोहस्व रथोत्तमम् ।
राजसूयाश्वमेधानां शतैरपि सुदुर्लभम् ॥१५॥

15. arjuna uvāca ,
mātale gaccha śīghraṁ tvamārohasva rathottamam ,
rājasūyāśvamedhānāṁ śatairapi sudurlabham.

15. arjuna uvāca mātale gaccha śīghram tvam ārohasva
rathottamam rājasūyāśvamedhānām śataiḥ api sudurlabham

15. Arjuna said: "O Matali, go quickly! You must ascend this excellent chariot, which is exceedingly rare to obtain, even with hundreds of royal consecration (rājasūya) and horse (aśvamedha) sacrifices."

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुन (arjuna) - The Pandava prince Arjuna. (Arjuna (a proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• मातले (mātale) - Addressing Indra's charioteer, Matali. (O Matali)

• गच्छ (gaccha) - Matali is instructed to proceed quickly. (go, proceed)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - Go quickly. (quickly, swiftly)

• त्वम् (tvam) - Refers to Matali. (you)

• आरोहस्व (ārohasva) - Matali is instructed to mount the chariot. (mount, ascend)

• रथोत्तमम् (rathottamam) - The celestial chariot of Indra, which Matali drives. (the best chariot, excellent chariot)

• राजसूयाश्वमेधानाम् (rājasūyāśvamedhānām) - Refers to two types of grand Vedic sacrifices. (of Rājasūya and Aśvamedha sacrifices)

• शतैः (śataiḥ) - Even by hundreds of sacrifices. (by hundreds)

• अपि (api) - Emphasizes the rarity: *even* with hundreds... (even, also, too)

• सुदुर्लभम् (sudurlabham) - The chariot is very rare to obtain. (very difficult to obtain, exceedingly rare)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुन (arjuna) - The Pandava prince Arjuna. (Arjuna (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (proper name); white, silver

Root: ṛj (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Third person singular, Perfect tense, Parasmaipada, from root VAC.

Root: vac (class 2)

मातले (mātale) - Addressing Indra's charioteer, Matali. (O Matali)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mātali

mātali - Matali (Indra's charioteer)

गच्छ (gaccha) - Matali is instructed to proceed quickly. (go, proceed)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of gam

Imperative Active

Second person singular, Imperative mood, Parasmaipada. Present stem 'gaccha'.

Root: gam (class 1)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - Go quickly. (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter accusative singular adjective.

Note: Adverb modifying 'gaccha'.

त्वम् (tvam) - Refers to Matali. (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person singular pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'ārohasva'.

आरोहस्व (ārohasva) - Matali is instructed to mount the chariot. (mount, ascend)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of ruh

Imperative Middle

Second person singular, Imperative mood, Ātmanepada, with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

रथोत्तमम् (rathottamam) - The celestial chariot of Indra, which Matali drives. (the best chariot, excellent chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathottama

rathottama - best of chariots, excellent chariot

Compound word.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+uttama)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of ud (up).
  Prefix: ud

Note: Object of 'ārohasva'.

राजसूयाश्वमेधानाम् (rājasūyāśvamedhānām) - Refers to two types of grand Vedic sacrifices. (of Rājasūya and Aśvamedha sacrifices)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājasūyāśvamedha

rājasūyāśvamedha - Rājasūya and Aśvamedha (names of sacrifices)

Dvandva compound listing two types of sacrifices.

Compound type : dvandva (rājasūya+aśvamedha)

• rājasūya – Rājasūya (a royal consecration sacrifice)
  noun (masculine)
• aśvamedha – Aśvamedha (a horse sacrifice)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Genitive plural, describing what the 'hundreds' refer to.

शतैः (śataiḥ) - Even by hundreds of sacrifices. (by hundreds)

(numeral)

Note: Indicates means or measure for 'sudurlabham'.

अपि (api) - Emphasizes the rarity: *even* with hundreds... (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

सुदुर्लभम् (sudurlabham) - The chariot is very rare to obtain. (very difficult to obtain, exceedingly rare)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sudurlabha

sudurlabha - very difficult to obtain, very rare, hardly procurable

Compound word with prefix su- (very, good) and dur- (difficult).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+durlabha)

• su – good, well, very, easily
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'good', 'well', 'very'.
• durlabha – difficult to obtain, rare
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  Derived from root labh (to obtain) with prefix dur- (difficult).
  Prefix: dur
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'rathottamam'.