महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-43, verse-10

तथा तर्कयतस्तस्य फल्गुनस्याथ मातलिः ।
संनतः प्रश्रितो भूत्वा वाक्यमर्जुनमब्रवीत् ॥१०॥

10. tathā tarkayatastasya phalgunasyātha mātaliḥ ,
saṁnataḥ praśrito bhūtvā vākyamarjunamabravīt.

10. tathā tarkayataḥ tasya phalgunasya atha mātaliḥ
sannataḥ praśritaḥ bhūtvā vākyam arjunam abravīt

10. As Arjuna (Phalguna) was thus pondering, Mātali then, having become reverent and humble, spoke these words to Arjuna.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• तर्कयतः (tarkayataḥ) - of him conjecturing, while he was thinking/pondering

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of that

• फल्गुनस्य (phalgunasya) - of Arjuna

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• मातलिः (mātaliḥ) - Mātali (Indra's charioteer)

• सन्नतः (sannataḥ) - bowed, bent, humble

• प्रश्रितः (praśritaḥ) - humble, modest, polite, reverent

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronoun base 'tad' (that) with the suffix 'thā'.

तर्कयतः (tarkayataḥ) - of him conjecturing, while he was thinking/pondering

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tarkayat

tarkayat - conjecturing, thinking, reasoning

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'tark' (class 10) with suffix 'śatṛ'.

Root: tark (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'tasya phalgunasya'.

तस्य (tasya) - his, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

फल्गुनस्य (phalgunasya) - of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Arjuna (one of the Pāṇḍavas)

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

मातलिः (mātaliḥ) - Mātali (Indra's charioteer)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mātali

mātali - Mātali (the charioteer of Indra)

सन्नतः (sannataḥ) - bowed, bent, humble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sannata

sannata - bowed, bent, humble, submissive

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'nam' (to bow) with upasarga 'sam' and suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: sam

Root: nam (class 1)

प्रश्रितः (praśritaḥ) - humble, modest, polite, reverent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praśrita

praśrita - humble, modest, polite, respectful, reverent

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'śri' (to resort to, to serve) with upasarga 'pra' and suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: pra

Root: śri (class 1)

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'bhū' (to be, to become) with suffix 'ktvā'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a name for the third of the Pāṇḍavas), white, silver, peacock

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, derived from root 'brū' (class 2).

Root: brū (class 2)